FISHERIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IN THE GREAT JAKARTA BAY ECOSYSTEM
Abstract
The Great Jakarta Bay Ecosystem (GJBE) supports the economic growth for the surrounding community, including fisheries sector. This large ecosystem is consisted of two coastal ecosystems, i.e. Jakarta Bay and Thousands islands. There are only traditional fisheries operating either in Jakarta Bay or Thousand islands. Some economically important fisheries include shrimp, demersal and small pelagic fisheries, which are caught using different fishing gears, either active or passive fishing gears. There are some serious concerns related to the fish resources and habitat degradations in the GJBE, which in turn can cause the decrease in fish population and fish species diversity, respectively. CPUE and catch composition of the fixed lift nets, sero and fixed gillnet fisheries were obtained from the observations in 2006 and 2014. In addition, to determine the level of pollution, tissue samples were collected for green mussel (Perna viridis), blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) and white-spotted spinefoot (Siganus canaliculatus) in 2009. The CPUE trend and catch composition showed that overfishing might have been occurring in the Jakarta Bay. The histological study on gill tissues of the three species shows that the Jakarta Bay has been polluted. Several efforts have been done to address the problems, including sea farming, habitat rehabilitation (artificial reef and mangrove restoration), marine conservation area and fish shelter, restocking and sea ranching.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Amri, K. & Agus, S.B. (2011). (In Indonesian). The state of coral reefs and waters around Thousand Islands Marine Protected Area and its preservation. In Suman, A., Wudianto and Sumiono, B. (Ed.) Fish resources in the Jakarta Bay and its alternative management. Research Institute for Marine Fisheries.
Anon. (2007). The Jakarta Bay, 80% of Pollution by Garbage from the Land. Accessed from http:www.kompas.com/kompas-cetak/0706/02/metro/3570312.htm
Anon. (2011a). Aquaculture and rehabilitation of marine ecosystem programs. Thousand Islands. Sudin Kelautan & Pertanian Kab. Adm. Kepulauan Seribu. DKI Jakarta
Anon. (2011b). Cultivation and marine ecosystem rehabilitation at the sea of Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta. Sudin Kelautan & Pertanian Kab. Adm. Kepulauan Seribu. DKI Jakarta.
Anon. (2014). Statistics for capture fisheries DKI Jakarta Province, 2013. Jakarta Agency of Marine Affairs and Agriculture.
Arifin, Z. (2004). Local millenium ecosystem assessment: condition and trend of the greater Jakarta Bay Ecosystem. The Ministry of Environment, Republic of Indonesia. 30 pp.
Asriyana & Salwiyah. (2007). Study on seagrass ecosystem in the Thousand Islands in WARTA-WIPTEK, 15(2).
Atmaja S. B. (2011). (In Indonesian). An attempt towards sustainable fisheries management: Fragmentation of Jakarta Bay and Thousand Islands habitats. Jakarta Bay and Thousand Islands. In Suman, A., Wudianto and Sumiono, B. (Ed.) Fish Resources in the Jakarta Bay and its management alternatives. Research Institute for Marine Fisheries.
Bengen, D.G. (2000). (In Indonesian). Coastal and marine fisheries ecosystems, and integrated and sustainable management. Proceeding on Integrated Coastal Management Training. Center of Coastal and Marine Resources Assessment. Bogor Agricultural University.
Cesar. H. (1996). (In Indonesian). Economic analysis on indonesia coral reef. The World Bank. Indonesia.
Harian Pelita. (2015). Pollutant sources in the Jakarta Bay need to addressed systematically (Metropolitan). Tuesday Edition, 23 June 2015.
Hufiadi, Budiarti, T. W., Baihaqi & Mahiswara. (2011). Fishing Capacity development in the Jakarta waters and its surrounding waters. In Suman, A., Wudianto and Sumiono, B. (Ed.) Fish Resources in the Jakarta Bay and its Management Alternative. Research Institute for Marine Fisheries.
Lestari & Edward. (2004). (In Indonesia). The impact of heavy metal pollution on sea water quality and Fisheries Resources. (Study case on mass death of fish in the Jakarta Bay). Makara Sains. 8(2), 56-62.
Nuraini, S., Prihatiningsih, Wahyuningsih & Wejatmiko. (2011). (In Indonesian). Utilization Status of shellfish in the Jakarta Bay and surrounding waters. In Suman, A., Wudianto and Sumiono, B. (Ed.) Fish Resources in the Jakarta Bay and its Management Alternative.Research Institute for Marine Fisheries.
Parawansa, I. (2007). (In Indonesian). The regime development policy of sustainable mangrove forest management in Teluk Jakarta. In Unpublished PhD. Thesis. Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor.
RCFMC. (2004). (In Indonesian). Final report on stock enhancement of holothuria scabra in the Thousand Islands, 2003 – 2004. Research Center for Fisheries Management and Conservation.
RIFEC. (2009). (In Indonesian). Final report on waters suitability for conservation of fish resources in the Jakarta Bay. Research Institute for Fish Stock Enhancement. Research Center for Capture Fisheries. Agendcy for Marine and Fisheries Research and Development.
RIFEC. (2010). (In Indonesian). Final report on stock enhancement of holothuria scabra in the thousand Islands, 2010. Research Institute for Fisheries Enhancement and Conservation, RCFMC.
Santoso, A.D. (2010). (In Indonesian). Coral reef condition in Karang Congkak Island, Thousand Islands. J. Hidrosfir Indonesia. 5 (2), 73-78.
Soebagio. (2001). (In Indonesian). Suggestions and ideas on marine development on the Special Capital City District of Jakarta. Collection of scientific papers in urban areas and environments. III(2).
Suharsono, Giyanto, Yahmantoro, & Munkajee, A.J. (1998). Changes of distribution and abundance of reef fish in Jakarta Bay and Seribu Islands. In. Proc. Coral Reef Evaluation Workshop, Pulau Seribu 11 – 20 Sept. 199, Jakarta, Indonesia, 37 – 54 p.
Tandjung, S.D. (1982). The acute toxicity and histopathology of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinales, Mitchell) Exponed in Aluminium Acid Water. Ph.D Theisis New Cork: Louis Calder Conservation and Ecology Study Center of Fordham University.
Wagiyo, K. & Hartati, S.T. (2013). (In Indonesian). Abundance and habitat condition of reef fish (Serranidae, Caesonidae and Scaridae) in the Thousand Islands. In Suman, A., Wudianto, Bintoro, G. and Haluan, J. (Ed.). Utilization Status of Fish Resources in the Java Sea. Research Institute for Marine Fisheries.
Williams, T.M., Rees, J.G., & Setiapermana, D. (2000). Metals and trace organic compounds in sediments and waters of Jakarta Bay and the Pulau Seribu complex, Indonesia. Mar. Poll. Bull. 40(3), 277-285.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ifrj.23.2.2017.69-78
Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View My Stats
p-ISSN 0853-8980
e-ISSN 2502-6569
