STATUS STOK IKAN KARANG TARGET DI KAWASAN KONSERVASI TAMAN NASIONAL KARIMUNJAWA
Abstract
Sumber daya ikan karang di Taman Nasional Karimunjawa (TNKJ) mengalami tekanan eksploitasi seiring dengan peningkatan permintaan sumber daya ikan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi ikan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis status stok ikan karang target di TNKJ. Penelitian dilakukan di TNKJ Kabupaten Jepara, Provinsi Jawa Tengah, pada April-Agustus 2015. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode survei dan observasi, mencakup data primer dan sekunder. Empat jenis ikan karang dipilih untuk mewakili ikan karang, yaitu ekor kuning, pisang-pisang, sunu macan, dan jenggot. Hasil tangkapan dianalisis dengan CPUE dan indeks musim. Mortalitas diduga dengan kurva penangkapan yang dilinierkan berdasarkan data komposisi panjang ikan. Penilaian status stok menggunakan metode analitik dengan menghitung laju eksploitasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa CPUE ikan karang mempunyai tren yang meningkat. Ikan karang secara agregat tersedia pada setiap bulan sepanjang tahun, tidak ada musim puncak penangkapan dan musim paceklik. Ikan pisang-pisang dan sunu macan telah dieksploitasi melebihi batas kelestariannya, yaitu 114,50% dan 154,00%.
Coral reef fish resources in Karimunjawa National Park (KNP) are under exploitation pressure with increasing demand of fish for human consumption. This study is aimed to analyze the status of target reef fishes in KNP. Field survey was conducted in KNP District of Jepara, Central Java, in April-August 2015. Data consists of primary and secondary data was obtained by using survey and observation method. Four species of reef fishes were chosen to represent reef fish, namely yellow tail fusilier (Caesio cuning), blue and gold fusilier (Caesio caerulaurea), highfin coral grouper (Plectropomus oligocanthus), and dash-and-dot goatfish (Parupeneus barberinus). Reef fish catch data was analyzed using catch per unit effort (CPUE) and seasonal index. Fish mortality was predicted by catch curve based on length-converted. The results indicate increasing trend of reef fishes CPUE. Reef fishes in aggregate are available every month in year-round and there is no seasonality trend. Fish length analysis reveals that status of blue and gold fusilier and highfin coral grouper have been exploited over maximum sustainable limit, with the rate of exploitation 114.50% and 154.00%, respectively.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.22.1.2016.9-16
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