DINAMIKA POPULASI DAN TINGKAT PEMANFAATAN UDANG WINDU (Penaeus semisulcatus de Haan, 1844) DI PERAIRAN BALIKPAPAN
Abstract
Udang windu (Penaeus semisulcatus de Haan, 1844) di perairan Kalimantan Timur saat ini diduga berada dalam tahapan lebih tangkap, sehingga kajian dinamika populasi udang windu di perairan Balikpapan merupakan informasi yang penting untuk dilakukan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dinamika populasi dan tingkat pemanfaatan udang windu sebagai dasar dalam pengelolaan perikanan udang di Balikpapan.Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Februari – November 2016.Metode yang digunakan adalah random sampling dengan analisis menggunakan model analitik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ukuran panjang karapas asimptotik (CL∞) udang jantan sebesar 47,5 mmCL dengan laju pertumbuhan (K) 1,72 per tahun dan panjang karapas asimptotik (CL∞) udang betina 53,7 mmCL dengan laju pertumbuhan (K) 1,53 per tahun. Ukuran rata-rata pertama kali tertangkap udang (Lc) sebesar 31,5 mmCL lebih kecil dibandingkan ukuran rata-rata pertama kali matang gonad (Lm) sebesar 39,63 mmCL, menunjukkan sebagian besar udang tertangkap sebelum memijah. Tingkat pemanfaatan udang windu berada pada tahap lebih tangkap (overfishing) dengan nilai laju pengusahaan (E) sebesar 0,65 pada jantan dan 0,77 pada betina, sehingga disarankan untuk melakukan pengurangan upaya penangkapan sebesar 42% dan pengaturan jaring dengan ukuran tertangkap lebih besar dari 39 mmCL.
The green tiger prawn (Penaeus semisulcatus de Haan, 1844) in Kalimantan Timur were estimated in stages of overfishing, so dynamic population of green tiger prawn was important information needed to do. Aim of this research were to study about dynamic population and exploitation rate of green tiger prawn as basis management for shrimp fisheries in Balikpapan. This research conducted on February – November 2016. The method used was random sampling and the analysis used was analytical model. The results showed that carapace asymptotic length (CL∞) of male green tiger prawn was 47,5 mmCL and the growth rate was 1,72 year-1. Carapace asymptotic length (CL∞) of female prawn was 53,7 mmCL and the growth rate was 1,53 year-1. Length at first captured was 31,5 mmCL, smaller than length at first matured that was 39,63 mmCL so most of shrimps captured hadn’t spawned yet. Exploitation rate of the green tiger prawn was on stage of overfishing with the value of exploitation rate was 0,65 for male and 0,77 for female, so it was suggested to reduce fishing effort by 42% and mesh size regulation with the size allowable catch was bigger than 39 mmCL.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.23.1.2017.37-46
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