PARAMETER POPULASI, ASPEK BIOLOGI DAN PENANGKAPAN TONGKOL KOMO (Euthynnus affinis Cantor, 1849) DI SELAT MALAKA
Abstract
Mackerel tuna (Euthynnus affinis) is an important economic fishery commodity. In the Malacca Strait, mackerel tuna resource is a share stock between Indonesia and Malaysia that has been used intensively with various fishing gear. In order to manage the fish resources of mackerel tuna in the Malacca Strait to be sustainable, this research is conducted with the aim of obtaining information on parameteer population, biology aspects and fishing aspects. The research was conducted by observation, enumeration and interview. The results showed the values of various population parameters: length infinity (L”) = 64.25 cmFL, growth rate (K) = 0.96/year, natural mortality rate (M) = 1.38 /year, capture mortality rate (F) = 1.41 /year, length of first captured (Lc) = 34.5 cmFL and length of first maturity (Lm) = 41.02 cmFL and exploitation rate (E) = 0,50. Biological aspect was obtained; sex ratio female : male = 1: 1.15, peak of mature gonad and index gonad maturity occurred in March and November, main prey are anchovy (Stolephorus sp.). The main fishing gear for catching mackerel tuna is purse seine. The highest CPUE value was obtained in July with the fishing season occurring in the April-July period. The contribution of catch mackerel tuna are 17.42-27.20 % of the total catch of fish. The main species of fish that interact with mackerel tuna are mackerel (Rastrelliger sp.) and sardine (Decapterus sp). Negative parameters to sustainability of mackerel tuna population such as fish size and catch per unit effort are small. Positive parameters are the ratio between the value of natural mortality and the rate of growth is still within the normal range and the level of exploitations rate is still within the optimum range. The fishing of mackerel tuna in the Malacca Strait is still in normal condition, but it is necessary to monitor of the nets mesh size and fishing gear used and fishing activity on spawning season. The existence of interaction with small pelagic fish species and the dominance of anchovy in the contents of the stomach, so that in the management of mackerel tuna fish should be done together with the two commodities.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.23.4.2017.287-297
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