SEBARAN KELOMPOK UMUR DAN RASIO POTENSI PEMIJAHAN BANGGAI CARDINAL (Pterapogon kauderni, Koumans 1933) MENGGUNAKAN MODEL LB-SPR DI KEPULAUAN BANGGAI SULAWESI TENGAH

Sri Turni Hartati, Kamaluddin Kasim

Abstract


Banggai cardinal (Pterapogon kauderni, Koumans 1933) adalah jenis ikan endemik yang saat ini masih diperdagangkan sebagai ikan hias. Informasi biologi seperti ukuran dan estimasi kelompok umur dapat digunakan untuk mengetahui status pemanfaatan di habitat aslinya, yang diperlukan dalam upaya pengelolaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status pemanfaatan stok Banggai cardinal melalui estimasi kelompok umur ikan dan menggunakan informasi tersebut sebagai indikator biologi (Biological Reference Point) Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) melalui pendekatan Length-Based SPR model. Pengukuran panjang ikan dilakukan terhadap 7.014 ekor ikan sampel selama tahun 2010 hingga 2011, dan pengamatan aspek biologi seperti jenis kelamin, tingkat kematangan gonad, serta fekunditas dilakukan terhadap 394 ekor ikan sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ikan yang tertangkap berumur 10-11 bulan, dengan ukuran panjang 32,7 – 35,2 mm FL, lebih kecil dari  ukuran pertama kali matang gonad (Lm) sebesar 36,1 – 44,4 mm FL. Rata-rata Nilai SPRsebesar 44,6% masih di atas ambang batas lebih tangkap (overfishing threshold) 30%. Nilai SPR secara signifikan menurun dari 46,8% pada 2010 menjadi 40,4% pada 2011. Sebanyak 50% ikan betina matang gonad (Lm) pada ukuran 37 mm FL dan 50% tertangkap (Selectivity/SL50) pada ukuran 32 mm FL (SL50< L50). Laju penangkapan relatif terhadap mortalitas alami (F/M) sebesar 0,57 mengindikasikan bahwa upaya penangkapan (relative fishing effort) telah mencapai  57% terhadap laju kematian alaminya.

 

Banggai cardinal (Pterapogon kaudernii) fish is an endemic species which is traded as an ornamental fish. Population parameters such as length distribution and ages of P. kaudernii are required to estimate status of the species as a part of management purposes. This study aimed to determine the stock status of Banggai cardinal through estimation of the age groups and use that information as biological reference point to estimate the Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) through Length-Based SPR model. Length of fish samples were measured of 7,014 fish samples during the year 2010 to the year 2011 while gonadal maturity, fecundity and sex differentiation were obtained from 394 individuals fish samples. The results show that fisherman caught mostly young individual fish, aged 10-11 months with relative length 32.7 - 35.2 mm FL and at below the size of length at first maturity (Lm) of 36.1 - 44.4 mm FL. Estimation of SPR shows that stock has been in healthy status which indicated by average SPR of 44.6% which still above the overfishing threshold by 30%. However, the values of SPR were declined significantly from 46.8% in 2010 to be 40.4% in 2011. As many as 50% of mature female fish found on the size of 37 mm FL and 50% caught (Selectivity/SL50) on the size of 32 mm FL (SL50 <L50). The rate of relative fishing mortality (F) to natural mortality (F / M) of 0.57 indicates relative fishing effort has reached 57% of the rate of natural mortality. 


Keywords


Pendugan tingkat pemanfaatan; umur relatif; rasio potensi pemijahan; banggai cardinal

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.22.3.2016.197-206


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