STATUS PERIKANAN DAN STOK SUMBERDAYA IKAN PELAGIS KECIL DI LAUT ARAFURA

Wijopriono Wijopriono, Fayakun Satria

Abstract


Sumberdaya ikan pelagis kecil di Laut Arafura belum menjadi target utama  penangkapan bagi armada perikanan skala industri apabila dibandingkan dengan perikanan demersal, terutama spesies udang yang memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi. Namun demikian, pesatnya peningkatan armada pukat ikan dan pukat udang telah berdampak terhadap stok sumberdaya ikan pelagis kecil, yang tereksploitasi sebagai hasil tangkapan sampingan. Penelitian terhadap perikanan dan sumberdaya ikan pelagis kecil di Laut Arafura telah dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang status perikanan, stok dan pemanfaatannya. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa stok sumberdaya ikan pelagis pada tingkat maximum sustainable yield (MSY) diestimasi sebesar 468.700 ton, sementara pemanfaatannya masih sekitar 177.000 ton. Ditemukan 42 jenis ikan pelagis kecil pada survei  eksplorasi musim peralihan II (Oktober), namun ditemukan berkurang pada musim peralihan I (Mei). Hal ini menunjukkan indikasi adanya pengaruh musim terhadap kelimpahan jenis ikan. Hasil observasi akustik menunjukkan bahwa stok sumberdaya ikan pelagis kecil juga lebih melimpah pada musim peralihan II dibandingkan musim peralihan I.

 

Small pelagic fishery resource in Arafura Sea has not been a main fishing target to industrial fishing fleet compared to the demersal resource, especially shrimp species that is economically high value. However, rapid increase of the industrial shrimp trawls and fishnets has given impact to the small pelagic fish resource, which was exploited as by-catch. Research on the fishery and stock of small pelagic fish has been conducted in Arafura Sea aiming at determining status of the fishery, fish stock and exploitation level. The results showed that Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) for small pelagic fish stock was estimated at 468,700 tons, while its exploitation was still at approximately 177,000 tons. There were 42 species found in pre-monsoon II (October) survey, but less species were found in pre-monsoon I (May) survey. This was giving indication the influence of monsoon regime on the species richness. Results from acoustic observation suggested that small pelagic fish stock was also more abundant in pre-monsoon II compared to that in pre-monsoon I.


Keywords


Status perikanan; MSY; ikan pelagis kecil; Laut Arafura

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.20.3.2014.177-182


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