ADAPTABILITAS DAN STABILITAS PRODUKSI IKAN MAS MUSTIKA DI LINGKUNGAN BUDIDAYA BERBEDA

Abstract

Salah satu varietas unggul ikan mas adalah “Mustika”. Varietas ini merupakan hasil seleksi berbasis marka molekuler untuk karakter tahan penyakit KHV (Koi Herpesvirus). Pengembangan ikan mas Mustika di masyarakat memerlukan informasi terkait performa fenotipe varietas tersebut di lingkungan budidaya yang beragam. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi adaptabilitas dan stabilitas produksi ikan mas Mustika pada beberapa kondisi lingkungan budidaya. Penelitian dilakukan di empat lokasi dengan dua model sistem budidaya berbeda, yaitu karamba jaring apung (KJA) di tiga lokasi (Waduk Cirata, Cianjur; Waduk Jatiluhur, Purwakarta; dan Waduk Darma, Kuningan) serta di kolam air deras (KAD) di Tanjungsiang, Subang. Ikan mas Majalaya yang berasal dari unit pembenihan rakyat (UPR) di masing-masing lokasi uji digunakan sebagai pembanding. Penelitian dilakukan selama 90 hari dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, ikan mas Mustika mempunyai daya adaptabilitas dan stabilitas yang baik pada semua kondisi lingkungan budidaya. Hal ini diindikasikan dengan nilai koefisien regresi (bi) karakter daya hasil panen tidak berbeda nyata dengan satu dan simpangan baku koefisien regresi (S2di) sama dengan nol. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, budidaya ikan mas Mustika tidak membutuhkan spesifikasi lokasi tertentu dan dapat dilakukan di semua lokasi budidaya.

“Mustika” is a new superior common carp variety genetically selected as KHV (Koi Herpesvirus) resistant. This research was conducted to evaluate the adaptability and production stability of the fish strain in different farming systems and sites. The treatments consisted of culturing the fish strain at four locations with two different culture systems, that is in floating net cage at three locations (Cirata Reservoir, Cianjur; Jatiluhur Reservoir Purwakarta; and Darma Reservoir, Kuningan) and in a running water pond (KAD) at Tanjungsiang, Subang. Majalaya carp produced from a local hatchery (U.P.R.) in each location was also cultured as the control treatment. All treatments in this experiment were conducted for 90 days with three replications. The results showed that Mustika common carp has high adaptability and production stability in all culture systems and sites. Such results were indicated by the coefficient of regression (bi) of biomass at harvest was not significantly different from 1.0, and the standard deviation of regression (S2di) was zero. Based on these results, it is concluded that the culture of Mustika common carp does not require a strict or specific culture system and can be farmed in most of suitable culture environment.