Strategi Peningkatan Pendapatan Keluarga Nelayan Melalui Peran Perempuan: Studi Kasus pada Komunitas Nelayan Demak, Jawa Tengah

Ratna Indrawarsih; Annisa Meutia Ratri

doi:10.15578/marina.v9i1.11743

Strategi Peningkatan Pendapatan Keluarga Nelayan Melalui Peran Perempuan: Studi Kasus pada Komunitas Nelayan Demak, Jawa Tengah

Ratna Indrawarsih, Annisa Meutia Ratri

Abstract

Peran perempuan dalam komunitas nelayan sangat signifikan, baik dalam aktivitas praproduksi, produksi, maupun pascaproduksi untuk meningkatkan pendapatan keluarga. Peran seperti itu telah dilakukan oleh perempuan di wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Demak, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis permasalahan yang dihadapi perempuan di wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Demak dalam menjalankan usahanya di sektor kelautan dan perikanan dan memahami strategi yang dilakukan baik secara individu maupun kelompok. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di tiga desa nelayan di Kabupaten Demak, yaitu Desa Morodemak, Purworejo, dan Margolinduk. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui fishcollabs sebagai alat bantu diagnosis partisipatif dengan pengumpulan data yang dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, focus group discussion (FGD), dan observasi lapangan. Penelitian menemukan bahwa ragam persoalan yang dihadapi perempuan di wilayah pesisir yaitu terkait dengan kondisi lingkungan dan stagnasi di bidang usaha perikanan. Stagnasi usaha yang dimaksud terkait dengan aspek pemasaran. Hal itu disebabkan oleh kurangnya kemampuan dalam menciptakan nilai tambah produk olahan, dan jaringan pemasaran yang dimiliki perempuan di wilayah tersebut, serta adanya permasalahan degradasi lingkungan permukiman. Ada beberapa opsi strategi yang penting untuk meningkatkan peran perempuan yaitu: (1) pelatihan peningkatan kapasitas usaha; (2) pelatihan pengemasan produk olahan dan jaringan pemasaran; dan (3) pelatihan pengelolaan bank sampah.

Tittle: Strategies for Increasing Fisher’s Family Income Through the Role of Women: A Case Study in the Fishing Community of Demak, Central Java

The role of women is very significant, in production and post-production in the fisheries sector, including the contribution of women in the coastal area of Demak Regency, Central Java. This paper aims to discuss the problems women face in coastal areas in running their businesses in the fisheries sector, as well as strategies to overcome these problems, individually and collectively. The study focuses on case studies of three fishing villages in Demak Regency: Morodemak Village, Purworejo Village and Margolinduk Village. This study uses a qualitative method through fish collabs as a participatory diagnostic tool, with data collection carried out through in-depth interviews, FGDs, and field observations. However, the research found various barriers women face in coastal areas, especially environmental conditions and stagnation in the fisheries business. The business stagnation is associated with the marketing aspect caused by the lack of added value for processed products and marketing networks owned by women, as well as the problem of environmental degradation in settlements. This article shows how training to increase business capacity, packaging of processed products and marketing networks, as well as waste bank management are essential strategic options for women.

Keywords

erempuan; nelayan; pendapatan; perikanan; Demak

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/marina.v9i1.11743