Identifikasi Penguasaan dan Akses Modal Rumah Tangga Nelayan Kecil di Pulau-Pulau Kecil (Kasus Pulau Pari)
Abstract
Rumah tangga nelayan kecil di Pulau Pari masuk dalam kelompok rentan akibat perubahan iklim, kerusakan lingkungan perairan, konflik atas lahan, dan akibat Covid-19. Oleh sebab itu, untuk bertahan hidup, rumah tangga nelayan kecil melakukan upaya adaptasi dengan mengombinasi aset dan akses untuk merespons
kerentanan nafkah yang dihadapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penguasaan modal dan akses rumah tangga nelayan kecil atas lima modal, yaitu modal alam, modal sosial, modal ekonomi, modal manusia, dan modal fisik di Pulau Pari. Penelitian ini mengambil kasus di Pulau Pari, Kelurahan Pulau Pari, Kecamatan Kepulauan Seribu Selatan, Kabupaten Kepulauan Seribu, Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan mixed method dengan menggunakan sequential explanatory strategy. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui survei terhadap 90 responden rumah tangga nelayan kecil dan wawancara mendalam terhadap 8 subjek kasus serta diperkuat dengan FGD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rumah tangga nelayan kecil memilih melakukan kombinasi aset dan akses, tetapi lapisan atas cenderung menggunakan modal fisik sementara lapisan bawah cenderung menggunakan modal alam dalam melakukan strategi nafkah sebagai upaya bertahan. Rekomendasi untuk penelitian selanjutnya adalah adanya pengidentifikasian untuk dapat meningkatkan modal sosial dan manusia.
Title : Identification of Ownership and Access to Small Fishermen’s Household Capital in Small Islands (Pari Island Case)
Small fishing households on Pari Island fall into a vulnerable group due to climate change, damage to the aquatic environment, conflicts over land and the consequences of Covid-19. Therefore, to survive in the household, small fishermen make adaptation efforts by combining assets and access to respond to the assistance they face. This study aims to analyze the mastery of capital and access of small fishing households to five capitals, namely natural capital, social capital, economic capital, human capital, and physical capital in Pari Island. This study took a case in Pari Island, Pari Island Village, South Thousand Islands District, Thousand Islands Regency, DKI Jakarta Province. The research was conducted in March 2022. This research used a mixed method approach using a sequential explanatory strategy. The data collected are primary data and secondary data. Primary data was collected using a survey of 90 small-scale fishing household respondents and in-depth interviews with 8 case subjects and strengthened by FGDs. The results of the study show that small fishing households choose to combine assets and access, but those at the top layer tend to use physical capital while those at the bottom layer tend to use natural capital in carrying out livelihood strategies as a means of survival. Recommendations for further research are the identification of ways to increase social and human capital.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/marina.v9i2.12003
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