Valuasi Ekonomi Jasa Ekosistem Kawasan Konservasi Perairan di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, Provinsi Riau, Indonesia
Abstract
Kawasan Konservasi Perairan di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir memiliki berbagai potensi yang bernilai ekonomis tinggi yang dapat dimanfaatkan secara berkelanjutan. Ekosistem mangrove yang cukup luas dan pantai pasir putih di Desa Pulau Cawan, serta potensi perikanan, habitat penting, sumber daya pesisir yang turut mendukung penghidupan ekosistem dan perekonomian masyarakat setempat, namun pengetahuan tentang jasa ekosistem yang diberikan oleh kawasan tersebut termasuk dampak kesejahteraan dari penetapan Kawasan Konservasi Perairan masih terbatas. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan April—Desember 2022 di Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengestimasi nilai ekonomi jasa ekosistem kawasan menggunakan metode survei, yaitu melakukan wawancara langsung terhadap masyarakat yang memanfaatkan sumber daya kawasan dengan bantuan kuesioner, terdiri dari 100 responden. Analisis yang digunakan ialah menggunakan kerangka total economic value (TEV) dan millenium ecosystem assesment (MEA). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa nilai ekonomi jasa ekosistem Kawasan Konservasi Perairan di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir diperkirakan cukup besar, yaitu (US$10.009.176.460,22) per tahun atau sama dengan Rp151.819.119.562.076,00 per tahun, yang terdiri dari: nilai jasa penyedia sebesar Rp158.465.766.901,11 (0,10%) per tahun, jasa pengaturan Rp147.791.990.696.920,00 (97,35%) per tahun, jasa pendukung Rp3.862.168.227.413,18 (2,54%) per tahun, dan jasa kultural Rp6.494.870.841,00 (0,004%) per tahun sehingga diharapkan pemerintah daerah setempat dapat meningkatkan jasa ekosistem kawasan berdasarkan jasa lainnya dengan tetap memperhatikan keberlanjutan ekosistem Kawasan Konservasi Perairan.
Title: Economic Valuation of Ecosystem Services in Marine Conservation Area in Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia
The Marine Protected Area in Indragiri Hilir Regency has various potentials with high economic value that can be utilized in a sustainable manner. The extensive mangrove ecosystem and white sand beach in Pulau Cawan Village, as well as fishery potential, important habitats, coastal resources which also support the livelihoods of the ecosystem and the economy of the local community. However, knowledge about the ecosystem services provided by these areas including the welfare impacts of the establishment of Marine Protected Areas is still limited. The research was conducted in April - December 2022 in the Indragiri Hilir Regency Marine Protected Area. The purpose of this study was to estimate the economic value of regional ecosystem services, using a survey method, namely conducting direct interviews with communities that utilize regional resources with the help of a questionnaire, consisting of 100 respondents. The analysis used is the total economic value (TEV) and millennium ecosystem assessment (MEA) framework. The results of the study show that the economic value of the ecosystem services of the Marine Protected Area in Indragiri Hilir Regency is estimated to be quite large, namely (US$ 10,009,176,460.22) per year or equal to IDR 151,819,119,562,076.00 per year, which consists of: the value of the service provider is IDR 158,465,766,901.11 (0.10%) per year, regulatory services IDR 147,791,990,696,920.00 (97.35%) per year, supporting services IDR 3,862,168,227,413.18 (2.54%) per year, and cultural services IDR 6,494,870,841.00 (0.004%) per year. So that it is hoped that the local regional government will be able to increase the area's ecosystem services based on other services while still paying attention to the sustainability of the ecosystem of Marine Protected Areas.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adrianto. (2006). Pengantar Penilaian Ekonomi Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Laut. Bogor: Fakultas Perikanan dan ilmu Kelautan.PKSPL.IPB.
Aida, G. (2015). Model Dinamik Nilai Ekonomi Ekosistem Mangrove di Wilayah Pesisir Kabupaten Tangerang Provinsi Banten (Master's thesis). Bogor: https://repository.ipb.ac.id/handle/123456789/75258.
Amira, S. (2008). Pendugaan biomassa jenis Rhizophora apiculata Bl. di hutan mangrove Batu Ampar kabupaten Kubu Raya, Kalimantan Barat. Bogor: Fakultas Kehutanan IPB.
Archer, E., Dziba, L.E., Mulongoy, K.J., Maoela, M.A., Walters, M., Biggs, R., Cormier-Salem, M-C., DeClerck, F., Diaw, M.C., Dunham, A.E., Failler, P., Gordon, C., Harhash, K.A., Kasisi, R., Kizito, F., Nyingi, W.D., Oguge, N., Osman-Elasha, B., Stringer, L.C., Tito de Morais, L., Assogbadjo, A., Egoh, B.N., Halmy, M.W., Heubach, K., Mensah, A., Pereira, L., Sitas, N. (2018). Summary for Policymakers of the Regional Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for Africa of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Bonn, Germany: IPBES Secretariat.
Armoskaite, A., Purina, I., Aigars, J., Strake, S., Pakalniete, K., Frederiksen, P., Schroder, L., Hansen, H.S. (2020). Establishing the Links Between Marine Ecosystem Components, Functions and Services: An Ecosystem Service Assessment Tool. Ocean & Coastal Management , 193: 105229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2020.105229.
Brown, S. (1997). Estimating Biomass and Biomass Change of Tropical Forests: a Primer. Rome: (FAO Forestry Paper - 134). FAO.
Choirunnisa, L. A., & Grafitiani, E. (2022). Application of Benefit Transfer In Coastal Mangrove Ecosystem Management of Pacitan Regency Based on Circular Economy. J. Kebijakan Sosek KP , 12(1): 65-77. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jksekp.v12i1.10048.
Costanza, R., D'arge, R., De Groot, R., Farberk, S., Grasso, M., Hannon, B., Limburg, K., Naeen, S., O'neill, R.V., Paruello, J., Raskin, R.G., Sutton, P., and Van Den Belt, M. (1997). Value of the worlds ekosistem services and natural capital. Nature, 387: 253-260.
de Groot, R.S., Wilson, M.A., and Boumans, R.M.J. (2002). A typology for the classification, description and valuation of ecosystem functions, goods and services. Ecological Economics, 41(3): 393–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(02)00089-7.
Dharmawan, I. W. (2013). Pendugaan Biomasa Karbon di Atas Tanah Pada Tegakan Rhizophora Mucronata di Ciasem, Purwakarta. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 15(1): 50-56.
Dharmawan, I. W., & Siregar, C. A. (2008). Karbon tanah dan pendugaan karbon tegakan Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. di Ciasem, Purwakarta. Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, V(4): 317-328. https://doi.org/10.20886/jphka.2008.5.4.317-328.
Erikson, H., Adhuri, D.S., Adrianto, L., Andrew, N.L., Apriliani, T., Daw, T., Evans, L., Garces, L., Kamanyi, E., Mwaipopo, R., Purnomo, A.H., Sulu, R.J., and Beare, D.J. (2016). An ecosystem approach to small-scale fisheries through participatory diagnosis in four tropical countries. Global Environmental Change, 36: 56–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2015.11.005.
Fauzi, A. (2010). Ekonomi sumberdaya alam dan lingkungan. Jakarta : PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Fauzi, A. (2014). Valuasi Ekonomi dan Penilaian Kerusakan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan. Bogor: IPB Press.
Fu, Q., Li, B., Hou, Y., Bi, X., and Zhang, X. (2017). Effects of land use and climate change on ecosystem services in Central Asia’s arid regions: A case study in Altay Prefecture, China. Science of The Total Environment, 607(608): 633–646. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.241.
Gray, M. (2018). Chapter 1 - Geodiversity: The Backbone of Geoheritage and Geoconservation. Geoheritage, 13-25. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809531-7.00001-0.
Gumilar, I. (2019). Willingness to Pay Masyarakat Terhadap Sumberdaya Terumbu Karang di Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Pulau Biawak. Jurnal Sosiohumaniora, 21(3): 342-348.
Hannah, L. (2015). Ecosystem Change. Climate Change Biology, 103-133. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-420218-4.00005-6.
Hattam, C., Atkins, J.P., Beaumont, N., Bӧrger, T., Bӧhnke-Henrichs, A., Burdon, D., de Groot, R., Hoefnagel, Ellen., Nunes, P.A.L.D., Piwowarczyk, J., Sastre, S., Austen, M.C. (2015). Marine Ecosystem Services: Linking Indicators to Their Classification. Ecological Indicatos, 49: 61-75.
Hendrickson, J., & Sanderson, M. (2017). Perennial-Based Agricultural Systems and Livestock Impact on Soil and Ecological Services. Soil Health and Intensification of Agroecosytems, 151-171. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-805317-1.00007-5.
Hermalena, L., Jalil, H., Junaedi, T., Ayesha, I., Gusvita, H. (2019). Valuasi Ekonimi Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Kepulauan Padaido
Kabupaten Biak Numfor Provinsi Papua. (2019). Valuasi Ekonimi Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Kepulauan Padaido Kabupaten Biak Numfor Provinsi Papua. Journal of Scientech Research and Development, 1(1): 20-29. http://idm.or.id/JSCR.
Imaslihkah, et al. (2013). Analisis Regresi Logistik Ordinal Terhadap Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Predikat Kelulusan Mahasiswa S1 di ITS Surabaya. Jurnal Sains dan Seni POMITS, 2(2): 177-182.
IPBES. (2019). Global Assesment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Bonn, Germany: IPBES Secretariat.
Karki, M., Senaratna Sellamuttu, S., Okayasu, S., Suzuki, W., Acosta, L. A., Alhafedh, Y., Anticamara, J. A., Ausseil, A-G., Davies, K., Gasparatos, A., Gundimeda, H., Ibrahim, F-H., Kohsaka, R., Kumar, R., Managi, S., Ning, W., Rajvanshi, A., Rawat, G. S., Riordan, P., ... Yeo-Chang, Y. (2018). Summary for Policymakers of the Regional Assesment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services for Asia and the Pacific of the Intergovermental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Bonn, Germany. ISBN 978-3-947851-07-2: IPBES Secretariat.
Kauffman, J. B., & Donato, D. C. (2012). Protocols for the Measurement, Monitoring and Reporting of Stucture, Biomass and Carbon stocks in Mangrove Forest. Bogor: CIFOR. 40 pp.
Komiyama, A., Poungparn, S., & Kato, S. (2005). Common allometric equations for estimating the tree weight of mangroves. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 21(04): 471–477. doi:10.1017/s0266467405002476.
Lou, Y. (2013). Conceptualizing payments for ecosystem services in blue forest. Journal of Ocean and Coastal Managements on Carbon and Other marine and coastal ecosystem services, 83(2013): 5-14.
Mandela. (2020). Welfare Level of Fishermen’s Household Around The Mangrove Ecosystem in Khairiah Mandah Village Of Riau Province. Journal of Economic and Social of Fisheries and Marine, 08(01): 97-109 https://doi.org/ /10.21776/ub.ecsofim.2020.008.01.08.
Maulida, G., Supriharyono, Suryanti. (2019). Valuasi Ekonomi Pemanfaatan Ekosistem Mangrove di Kelurahan Kandang Panjang Kota Pekalongan Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Journal of Maquares, 8(3): 133-139.
McNeely, J. (1988). Economic and biological diversity: Developing and using economic incentives to conserve biological resources. Gland: International Union for the Conservation of Nature. 236 pp.
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. (2005). Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Synthesis. Washington, DC: Island Press.
Ninef, J.S.R., Adrianto, L., Dahuri, R., Rahardjo, M.F., dan Adhuri, D.S. (2019). Strategi Pengelolaan Perikanan Skala Kecil Dengan Pendekatan Ekosistem Di Kabupaten Rote Ndao, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan Dan Perikanan, 14(1): 47-57. https://doi.org/10.15578/jsekp.v14i1.6983.
Pascual, U., Balvanera, P., Dı´az, S., Pataki, G., Roth, E., Stenseke, M., Watson, R.T., Dessane, E.B., Islar, M., Kelemen, E., Maris, V., Quaas, M., Subramanian, S.M., Wittmer, H., Adlan, A., Ahn, S., Al-Hafedh, Y.S., Amankwah, E., Asah, S.T., Berry, P., Bilgin, A., Breslow, S.J., Bullock, C., Caceres, D., Daly-Hassen, H., Figueroa, E., Golden, C.D., Go´mez-Baggethun, E., Gonzalez-Jimenez, D., Houdet, J., Keune, H., Kumar, R., Ma, K., May, P.H., Mead, A., O’Farrell, P., Pandit, R., Pengue, W., Pichis-Madruga, R., Popa, F., Preston, S., Pacheco-Balanza, D., Saarikoski, H., Strassburg, B.B., van den Belt, M., Verma, M., Wickson, F., Yagi, N. (2017). Valuing Nature's Contributions to People: The IPBES Approach. Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain, 26: 7-16.
PERMEN KKP No.14/PERMEN-KP/2016. (2016). Kriteria dan Kategori Kawasan Konservasi Perairan. Jakarta: Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan.
Poungparn, S., Komiyama, A., Jintana V., Piriyayaota, S., Sangtiean, T., Tanapermpool, P., Patanaponpaiboon, P., Kato, S. (2002). A Quantitative Analysis on the Root System of a Mangrove, Xylocarpus granatum Koenig. Tropics, 12(1): 35–42. doi:10.3759/tropics.12.35.
Prasetyo, A., Santoso, N., dan Prasetyo, L.B (2017). Kerusakan Ekosistem Mangrove Di Kecamatan Ujung Pangkah Kabupaten Gresik Provinsi Jawa Timur. Journal of Tropical Silviculture, 8(2): 130–133. https://doi.org/10.29244/j-siltrop.8.2.130-133.
Purnamawati, A.D., Saputra, S.W., Wijayanto, D. (2015). Nilai Ekonomi Hutan Mangrove di Desa Pantai Mekar, Kecamatan Muara Gombang Kabupaten Bekasi. Diponegoro Journal of Maquares, 4(3): 204-213.
Rani, S., Ahmed, M.K., Xiongzhi, X., Yuhuan, J., Keliang, C., and Islam, M.M. (2020). Economic valuation and conservation, restoration & management strategies of Saint Martin’s coral island, Bangladesh. Ocean & Coastal Management, 183, 105024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.105024.
Ruitenbeek, H. (1992). Mangrove Management: An Economic Analysis of Management Options with a Focus on Bintuni Bay, Irian Jaya. Jakarta: EMDI/KLH.
Sondak, C. (2015). Estimasi Potensi Penyerapan Karbon Biru (Blue Carbon) Oleh Hutan Mangrove Sulawesi Utara. Journal Of Asean Studies on Maritime Issues, 1(1): 24-29.
Sugiyono. (2011). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan (Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif). Bandung: Alfabeta.
Tan, Z., Guan, Q., Lin, J., Yang, L., Luo, H., Ma, Y., Tian, J., Wang, Q., and Wang, N. (2020). The response and simulation of ecosystem services value to land use/land cover in an oasis, Northwest China. Ecological Indicators, 118, 106711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106711.
TEEB. (2010). The Economics of Ecosystem and Biodiversity Ecological and Economic Foundations. Edited By Pushpam Kumar. London and Washington: Earthscan.
Tue, N.T., Dung L.V., Nhuan, M.T., and Omori, K. (2014). Carbon storage of a tropical mangrove forest in Mui Ca Mau National Park, Vietnam. CATENA, 121, 119–126. doi:10.1016/j.catena.2014.05.008.
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 1 Tahun 2014. (n.d.). Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil.
UNEP. (2006). Marine and Coastal Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: A synthesis report based on the findings of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. 76pp: UNEP.
van Dijk, J., Dick J, Harrison P, Jax K, Saarikoski H, Furman E. (2018). Editorial: Operationalisation of Natural Capital and Ecosystem Services. Ecosystem Services, 29: 411-414.
Vihervaara, Franzese, P.P., Buonocore, E. (2019). Information, Energy, and Eco-Exergy as Endicators of Ecosystem Complexity. Ecological Modelling, 395: 23-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.01.010.
Wahyudi, A. J. (2017). Menyerap Karbon: Layanan Ekosistem untuk Mitigasi Perubahan Iklim. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.
Warningsih, T., Kusai, Zulkarnain, Bathara, L., Mulyani, I., Deviasari. (2020). Economic Valuation of Mangrove Ecosystem in Coastal Area of Rokan Hilir Regency, Riau Province. Journal of Economic and Social of Fisheries and Marine, 07(02): 239-248. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.escofim.2020.007.02.09.
Warningsih, T., Kusai, Bathara, L., Zulkarnain, Deviasar. (2021). Management Strategy of Mangrove Ecosystem in Siak Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia. Journal of Economic and Social of Fisheries and Marine, 09(01): 60-71.
Warningsih, T., Efizon, D., Aulia, N., Deviasari. (2022). Economic value of carbon in mangrove ecosystem of Cawan Island, Indragiri Regency, Riau, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1118 (2022) 012080. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1118/1/012080.
Wibowo, P. A., & Sabet, F. B. (2022). Valuasi Ekonomi Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Laut dalam Kebijakan. OECONOMICUS Journal of Economics, 6(2): 74-85. http://jurnalfebi.uinsby.ac.id/index.php/oje.
World Conservation Congress Resolution. (2016). Increasing Marine Pretected Area Coverage for Effective Marine Biodiversity Conservation. Hawaii, HI, USA: IUCN.
Zanten, B.T., van Beukering, P.J.H., and Wagtendonk, A.J. (2014). Coastal protection by coral reefs: A framework for spatial assessment and economic valuation. Ocean & Coastal Management, 96: 94–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2014.05.001.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jsekp.v19i1.12236
Indexed by:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Published by
Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socio-Economic
in collaboration with
Indonesian Marine and Fisheries Socio-Economics Research Network
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.