DEGRADASI DAERAH PENANGKAPAN IKAN DI PERAIRAN TELUK BANTEN, PROVINSI BANTEN

Mario Limbong, Riena F. Telussa, Mercy Patanda, Melani Indah Sari Manik, Khairul Amri

Abstract


Perikanan tangkap di Teluk Banten didominasi oleh perikanan skala kecil, dimana intensitas penangkapan dan penggunaan alat penangkapan ikan yang tidak ramah lingkungan diduga menyebabkan degradasi daerah penangkapan ikan. Selain itu, aktivitas daratan memberikan dampak yang negatif terhadap kualitas perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kualitas perairan dan intensitas penangkapan, serta menentukan tingkat degradasi daerah penangkapan ikan di perairan Teluk Banten. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode survei dan wawancara. Data kualitas perairan dianalisis secara deskriptif berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 51 Tahun 2004. Data perikanan tangkap yang ramah lingkungan diambil secara langsung dan dianalisis berdasarkan kriteria Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF). Status degradasi DPI ditentukan melalui pembobotan gabungan kondisi kualitas perairan dan perikanan tangkap yang ramah lingkungan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kualitas perairan Teluk Banten masih dalam kondisi baik untuk kehidupan biota, walaupun parameter kecerahan dan salinitas belum sesuai dengan baku mutu air laut. Alat penangkapan ikan yang beroperasi di perairan Teluk Banten didominasi oleh jenis alat tangkap yang bersifat ramah lingkungan, seperti gillnet, pancing ulur, bagan perahu, dan bubu. Perairan Teluk Banten sudah terjadi degradasi daerah penangkapan ikan kategori ringan yaitu sekitar 58% yang diakibatkan oleh intensitas penangkapan dan penggunaan alat tangkap jaring arad. Pemanfaatan ruang laut untuk perikanan tangkap di Teluk Banten cukup tinggi sekitar 0,43 km2 untuk setiap unit penangkapan ikan.

Keywords


Daerah penangkapan, degradasi; pemetaan; Teluk Banten

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.16.3.2024.136%20-%20148

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