PEMODELAN DAERAH POTENSI PENANGKAPAN IKAN TUNA MADIDIHANG MENGGUNAKAN GENERALIZED ADDITIVE MODEL DI SAMUDRA HINDIA BAGIAN TENGGARA

Asep Saepulloh, Debora Christi Simamora, Anninda Sabina, Al Fajar Alam, I Nyoman Radiarta

Abstract


Ikan tuna madidihang (Thunnus albacares) merupakan salah satu komoditas ekspor unggulan Indonesia yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi dan tersebar luas di perairan tropis dan subtropis, termasuk Samudra Hindia bagian tenggara. Untuk menjaga keberlanjutan stok dan efektivitas penangkapan, diperlukan pendekatan ilmiah dalam mengidentifikasi habitat potensial spesies ini secara spasial dan temporal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model estimasi daerah potensial penangkapan ikan tuna madidihang menggunakan Generalized Additive Model (GAM), dengan memanfaatkan data hasil tangkapan rawai tuna dan parameter oseanografi (suhu permukaan laut dan klorofil-a) dari layanan Marine Copernicus. Model dibangun berdasarkan data tahun 2023 dan divalidasi dengan data lingkungan tahun 2024. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa SPL dan CHL berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai Catch Per Unit Effort (p < 0.01), dengan model terbaik menjelaskan 21,2% deviasi data dan nilai koefisien determinasi R² sebesar 0.7038. Visualisasi spasial memperlihatkan bahwa habitat potensial tuna madidihang berada pada wilayah dengan suhu 28 – 29°C dan konsentrasi klorofil-a 0.1 – 0.3 mg/m³. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa model GAM dapat secara efektif mengidentifikasi pola spasial dan temporal habitat tuna, serta dapat digunakan sebagai alat bantu pengambilan keputusan dalam pengelolaan perikanan yang adaptif dan berbasis data.

Keywords


CPUE, daerah potensi, GAM, klorofil-a, madidihang, suhu

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.17.2.2025.77%20-%2087

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