KARAKTERISTIK DESAIN DAN STABILITAS KAPAL BUBU LIPAT PENANGKAP RAJUNGAN DI KABUPATEN CIREBON

Aulia Azhar Wahab, Budhi Hascryo Iskandar, Yopi Novita, Vita Rumanti Kurniawati, Uju Uju, Sudirman Sukardi

Abstract


Kapal bubu lipat merupakan armada utama perikanan rajungan skala kecil di Kabupaten Cirebon. Aktivitas penangkapan dan penanganan rajungan di atas kapal memerlukan desain kapal yang mampu mendukung kapasitas muat, efektivitas area kerja, dan stabilitas selama operasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik desain, rasio dimensi utama, coefficient of fineness, dan stabilitas kapal bubu lipat penangkap rajungan di Kabupaten Cirebon. Penelitian dilakukan melalui observasi dan pengukuran langsung terhadap 20 kapal bubu lipat di Desa Gebang, Kabupaten Cirebon. Data dimensi utama dan bentuk lambung dimodelkan menggunakan perangkat lunak Maxsurf untuk memperoleh rancangan umum, rencana garis, parameter hidrostatik, dan kurva stabilitas kapal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapal bubu lipat memiliki panjang 9,20–9,70 m, lebar 2,60–3,10 m, dan draft 0,40–0,50 m, dengan bentuk lambung U-bottom dan double pointed. Rasio L/B dan L/D berada dalam kisaran kapal static gear, sedangkan rasio B/D relatif tinggi. Nilai Cp, Cb, Cm, Cw, dan Cvp masing-masing sebesar 0,734; 0,711; 0,969; 0,796; dan 0,893, yang menunjukkan bentuk lambung full form. Seluruh parameter stabilitas memenuhi kriteria International Maritime Organization (IMO), dengan GZ maksimum 0,723 m pada sudut oleng 28,2° dan GM 3,742 m. Karakteristik tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kapal bubu lipat memiliki stabilitas yang baik dan sesuai untuk mendukung operasi penangkapan rajungan skala kecil.

Keywords


coefficient of fineness; kapal bubu lipat; rajungan; stabilitas kapal

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.18.1.2026.34-43