Kepedulian Perusahaan Terhadap Tujuan SDGS 14 (Life Below Water): Bukti Empiris dan Implikasinya Bagi Kebijakan Kelautan Nasional

Dining Nika Alina, Ahmad Hambali, Umar Abdurrahman, Ismail Maqbul, Ernawati Ernawati, Neng Tanty Sofyana

Abstract


Peran perusahaan semakin krusial dalam pencapaian SDGs 14 (Life Below Water) karena aktivitas bisnis dapat mempercepat degradasi ekosistem laut maupun mendorong praktik keberlanjutan. Namun, bukti empiris tentang sejauh mana perusahaan berkomitmen pada SDGs 14 dan faktor internal yang memengaruhinya masih terbatas, khususnya di negara berkembang dan konteks Indonesia, karena riset terdahulu lebih banyak menyoroti SDGs secara umum atau isu lingkungan yang tidak spesifik pada ekosistem laut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisi celah tersebut dengan menganalisis perusahaan terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) selama periode 2016–2023. Kepedulian terhadap SDGs 14 diukur menggunakan variabel dummy SDGs14 yakni 1 jika perusahaan memuat deklarasi, strategi, atau aksi eksplisit terkait SDG 14; 0 jika tidak. Analisis utama menggunakan regresi logistik (logit). Studi ini menemukan bahwa komitmen perusahaan terhadap SDGs 14 masih relatif terbatas dan cenderung bervariasi antar sektor. Temuan lainnya menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan yang lebih besar, memiliki skor ESG (Enviromental, Social, and Governance) tinggi, serta berasal dari sektor berdampak tinggi terhadap laut seperti energi dan infrastruktur, cenderung lebih peduli terhadap isu keberlanjutan laut. Sebaliknya, perusahaan dengan leverage tinggi dan usia lebih tua menunjukkan kecenderungan sebaliknya. Implikasi praktis dari temuan ini menekankan perlunya pendekatan kebijakan yang lebih berbasis sektor, pemberian insentif terhadap praktik ESG yang baik, serta intervensi pemerintah untuk mendorong keterlibatan korporasi secara lebih merata dalam pelestarian ekosistem laut nasional.

 

Title: Analysis of Corporate Concerns Towards SDGS Goal 14: Implications for National Marine Policies

The role of corporations has become increasingly critical in achieving SDG 14 (Life Below Water) because business activities can both accelerate the degradation of marine ecosystems and promote sustainability practices. However, empirical evidence on the extent of corporate commitment to SDG 14 and the internal factors influencing it remains limited, particularly in developing countries and in the Indonesian context, since prior studies have tended to focus on the SDGs in general or on environmental issues that are not specific to marine ecosystems. This study aims to fill this gap by examining firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) over the 2016–2023 period. Concern for SDG 14 is measured using an SDGs14 dummy variable coded 1 if the firm reports explicit declarations, strategies, or actions related to SDG 14, and 0 otherwise. The main analysis employs logistic regression (logit). The study finds that corporate commitment to SDG 14 remains relatively limited and varies across sectors. The results further show that larger companies, those with high ESG (Enviromental, Social, and Governance) scores, and those from sectors with high impacts on the ocean such as energy and infrastructure, tend to be more concerned about marine sustainability issues. In contrast, companies with high leverage and older age show the opposite tendency. The practical implications of these findings emphasize the need for a more sector-based policy approach, incentives for good ESG practices, and government intervention to encourage more equitable corporate involvement in preserving national marine ecosystems.

 


Keywords


SDGs 14; konservasi laut; kebijakan kelautan; sektor swasta; pemerintah

Full Text:

PDF

References


Aptasari, F. W., Aryawati, N. P. A., & Falah, M. H. (2024). Identifikasi Greenwashing atau Greenwishing pada Perusahaan Retail di Indonesia: Evaluasi Laporan Keberlanjutan. Jurnal Kebijakan Pembangunan, 19(2), 301–322. https://doi.org/10.47441/jkp.v19i2.397

Arora, N. K., Mishra, I., & Arora, P. (2023). SDG 14: life below water- viable oceans necessary for a sustainable planet. Environmental Sustainability, 6(4), 433–439. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42398-023-00299-0

Balasubramanian, S., Shukla, V., Mangla, S., & Chanchaichujit, J. (2021). Do firm characteristics affect environmental sustainability? A literature review-based assessment. Business Strategy and the Environment, 30(2), 1389–1416. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.2692

Darnall, N., Henriques, I., & Sadorsky, P. (2010). Adopting Proactive Environmental Strategy: The Influence of Stakeholders and Firm Size. Journal of Management Studies, 47(6), 1072–1094. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2009.00873.x

Gutiérrez-Ponce, H., & Wibowo, S. A. (2023). Sustainability Reports and Disclosure of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Evidence from Indonesian Listed Companies. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(24), 16919. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152416919

Jubaedah, I., & Anas, P. (2019). Dampak Pariwisata Bahari Terhadap Ekosistem Terumbu Karang di Perairan Nusa Penida, Bali. Jurnal Penyuluhan Perikanan Dan Kelautan, 13(1), 59–75. https://doi.org/10.33378/jppik.v13i1.124

Lodhia, S., Kaur, A., & Kuruppu, S. C. (2023). The disclosure of sustainable development goals (SDGs) by the top 50 Australian companies: substantive or symbolic legitimation? Meditari Accountancy Research, 31(6), 1578–1605. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEDAR-05-2021-1297

Ocean Health Index. (2024). Global scenarios data for Ocean Health Index. https://oceanhealthindex.org/global-scores/data-download/

PBB. (2015). Sustainable Development Goals. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/

Riesnandar, E., & Nuhartonosuro, I. M. (2025). Manajemen Sumber Daya Kelautan dalam Implementasi Blue Economy: Peluang dan Tantangan di Indonesia. JIIP-Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 8(4), 3645–3652.

Soemarmi, A., & Diamantina, A. (2019). Konsep Negara Kepulauan Dalam Upaya Perlindungan Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Indonesia. Masalah-Masalah Hukum, 48(3), 241. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.48.3.2019.241-248

Wiryanto, W., Rifqi, M. I., & Afif, M. M. (2025). Innovation and policies in water resource management to achieve the life below water goal in Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1462(1), 12063. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1462/1/012063

Zulaika, S., Harsono, I., Mahmudin, T., Yahya, A. S., & Sutanto, H. (2024). Pengaruh Kebijakan Pemerintah dan Kemitraan Bisnis dalam Pengelolaan Perikanan Berkelanjutan terhadap Kesejahteraan Nelayan dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Sulawesi Selatan. Jurnal Multidisiplin West Science, 3(01), 41–55. https://doi.org/10.58812/jmws.v3i01.944

Zulbainarni, N., Indrawan, D., & Khumaera, N. I. (2020). Does Indonesia’s fisheries governance ready to achieve SDG’s 14? the role of multi-stakeholder in fisheries policy. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 420(1), 12035. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/420/1/012035




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jksekp.v16i1.15895

Indexed by:

 

 

 

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

Published by

Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socio-Economic

in collaboration with
Indonesian Marine and Fisheries Socio-Economics Research Network

 Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.