Strategi Perluasan Pasar Udang Beku Indonesia ke Negara BRICS

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi dan tantangan perdagangan udang beku Indonesia
(HS 030617), yang hingga kini masih menghadapi berbagai kendala struktural seperti hambatan tarif dan
non-tarif, tingginya biaya logistik, dan keterbatasan penetrasi pasar, sekaligus merumuskan kebijakan yang mendukung pengembangan perdagangan ke negara-negara anggota BRICS.. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis data sekunder yang mencakup analisis tren ekspor time-series selama periode 2013–2023, perhitungan daya saing menggunakan metode Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), dan kerangka Tinbergen untuk merumuskan kebijakan perdagangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekspor udang beku Indonesia ke negara BRICS mengalami tren peningkatan, meskipun kontribusinya terhadap total ekspor nasional masih relatif kecil. Namun di sisi lain tren ekspor ke negara di luar BRICS mengalami penurunan. Dengan demikian potensi diversifikasi terbuka lebar melalui pasar Rusia, India, Afrika Selatan, dan Uni Emirat Arab yang mulai menunjukkan tren pertumbuhan positif. Nilai RCA Indonesia untuk produk udang beku tercatat konsisten di atas angka 5,0 hingga 10,2, yang menandakan keunggulan komparatif kuat, meskipun belum diikuti dengan strategi penetrasi pasar yang optimal. Hambatan tarif, regulasi SPS, dan tingginya biaya logistik menjadi tantangan utama yang perlu diatasi. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan kerja sama melalui BRICS Seafood Agreement, peningkatan efisiensi logistik rantai dingin, dan diversifikasi pasar ekspor sebagai strategi menuju integrasi pasar perikanan yang lebih inklusif dan berkelanjutan.

Title: Expansion Strategy for Indonesia’s Frozen Shrimp Market Into Brics Countries

This study aims to analyze the potential and challenges of the Indonesian frozen shrimp trade (HS 030617), which still faces various structural obstacles such as tariff and non-tariff barriers, high logistics costs, and limited market penetration, while also formulating policies that support the development of trade to BRICS member countries. This study aims to analyze the potential and challenges of the Indonesian frozen shrimp trade (HS 030617) and formulate policies to support the development of trade to BRICS member countries. This study uses secondary data analysis methods that include time-series export trend analysis during the 2013–2023 period, competitiveness calculations using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method, and the Tinbergen framework to formulate trade policies. The results show that Indonesian frozen shrimp exports to BRICS countries are experiencing an increasing trend, although their contribution to total national exports is still relatively small. However, on the other hand, the export trend to countries outside BRICS is decreasing. Thus, the potential for diversification is wide open through the markets of Russia, India, South Africa, and the United Arab Emirates, which are starting to show a positive growth trend. Indonesia’s RCA for frozen shrimp products has consistently been recorded at between 5.0 and 10.2, indicating a strong comparative advantage, although an optimal market penetration strategy has not accompanied it. Tariff barriers, SPS regulations, and high logistics costs are the main challenges that the government must overcome. This study recommends strengthening cooperation through the BRICS Seafood Agreement, improving cold chain logistics efficiency, and diversifying export markets as strategies towards more inclusive and sustainable fisheries market integration.