THE POTENTIAL USE OF SIAM WEED (Chromolaena odorata) LEAF EXTRACT AS AN ALTERNATIVE ANTIBACTERIAL COMPOUND TO TREAT Vibrio parahaemolyticus INFECTION IN PACIFIC WHITE SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Abstract
Siam weed plant or Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata) is an herb commonly used as a medicinal plant in Asian countries, including Indonesia, particularly in Southeast Sulawesi. This study explores the effectiveness of different Siam weed leaf extract concentrations in treating Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaus vannamei). In this study, the infected shrimps were soaked in C. odorata leaf extract solution at 1, 2, and 3 ppt concentrations and no soaking of the extract (control). The parameters measured were recovery rate, survival rate, percentage of total haemocyte count (THC) and differential haemocyte count (DHC). The results showed that the V. parahaemolyticus-infected Pacific white shrimps soaked in 3 ppt C. odorata leaf extract had the highest recovery and survival rates compared to shrimp treated with C. odorata leaf extract at 1 and 2 ppt. Similarly, the shrimp group treated with 3 ppt of C. odorata leaf extract had better haemolymph profiles than those treated with the other concentrations of C. odorata leaf extract. This study concludes that C. odorata leaf extract enhances the immune response of L. vannamei by increasing the activity of semi-granular cells in eliminating the pathogenic cells of V. parahaemolyticus.
Tanaman krinyuh (Chromolaena odorata) merupakan tanaman herbal yang umum digunakan sebagai tanaman obat di negara-negara Asia, termasuk Indonesia, khususnya di Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak daun tanaman krinyuh dalam mengobati infeksi Vibrio parahaemolyticus pada udang vaname (Litopenaus vannamei). Pada penelitian ini, udang yang terinfeksi direndam ke dalam larutan ekstrak daun C. odorata pada konsentrasi 1, 2, dan 3 ppt dan tanpa perendaman ekstrak (kontrol). Parameter yang diukur adalah tingkat kesembuhan, tingkat kelangsungan hidup, persentase jumlah hemosit total (JHT), dan jumlah hemosit diferensial (JHD). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa udang vaname yang terinfeksi V. parahaemolyticus yang direndam dalam ekstrak daun C. odorata 3 ppt memiliki tingkat kesembuhan dan kelangsungan hidup tertinggi disbanding udang yang diobati dengan ekstrak daun C. odorata pada konsentrasi 1 dan 2 ppt. Demikian pula, kelompok udang yang diberi 3 ppt ekstrak daun C. odorata memiliki profil hemolim yang lebih baik daripada yang diberi konsentrasi ekstrak daun C. odorata lainnya. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ekstrak daun C. odorata meningkatkan respons imun L. vannamei dengan meningkatkan aktivitas sel semi-granular dalam menghilangkan sel patogen V. parahaemolyticus.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.19.3.2024.177-190
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