Pengujian Obat Kimia untuk Menghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Patogen Aeromonas hydrophila Secara In Vitro dan In Vivo

Mohamad Iqbal Kurniawinata, Dian Eka Ramadhani, Deby Shinta, Abrisam Hadi Bintoro, Herlina Indryani, Adhitya Wibisono, Shadam Dwi Permana, Riza Pamungkas, Nisa Pauziah, Athaya Maula, Sarah Sabilla Fauziah, Muhamad Erlan Hafid, Nazla Wafi Nurrafa, Monic Hapsari, Rifqah Pratiwi

Abstract


Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan jenis obat kimia dan dosis terbaik untuk menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen Aeromonas hydrophila (AHA). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Kesehatan dan Lingkungan Sekolah, Program Studi Teknologi dan Manajemen Pembenihan Ikan, Sekolah Vokasi IPB. Rancangan percobaan yang dilakukan dari penelitian ini terdiri dari 4 perlakuan, diantaranya, kontrol (K), garam ikan 5 g/L, 10 g/L, 15 g/L, 20 g/L, 25 g/L, 30 g/L, methylene blue 0,5 mL/L, 1,0 mL/L, 1,5 mL/L, 2 mL/L, 2,5 mL/L, 3 mL/L, lukastop 0,01 mL/L, 0,013 mL/L. Pengujian obat dilakukan secara in vitro dengan pengujian tunggal dan gabungan masing-masing obat. Pengujian in vivo dilakukan dengan dosis terbaik dari hasil in vitro diujikan pada ikan sebagai pengobatan pada infeksi bakteri AHA. Parameter in vitro yang diamati yaitu zona hambat dan total bakteri patogen Aeromonas hydrophila, sedangkan parameter in vivo yang diamati yaitu Survival Rate (SR), Laju Pertumbuhan Harian (LPH) dan Mortality Rate (MR). Hasil pengujian in vitro pada pengujian tunggal yang terbaik didapatkan pada perlakuan methylene blue 3 mL/L dengan zona hambat sebesar 18,25 mm dan jumlah bakteri AHA terendah yaitu 5,197 × 109 CFU/mL. Hasil pengujian in vitro pada pengujian gabungan yang terbaik didapatkan pada perlakuan garam ikan 25 g/L dan methylene blue 3 mL/L dengan zona hambat 17,9 mm. Hasil pengujian in vivo pengobatan dengan methylene blue 3 mL/L, menghasilkan nilai SR 80% dan mampu membantu penyembuhan pasca infeksi serta meningkatkan nafsu makan ikan.

This study aims to obtain the best type of chemical drug and dosage to inhibit the growth of the pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila (AHA). This study was conducted at the School Health and Environment Laboratory, Fish Seed Technology and Management Study Program, IPB Vocational School, Sukabumi Campus. The experimental design carried out in this study consisted of 4 treatments, including control (K), fish salt 5 g/L, 10 g/L, 15 g/L, 20 g/L, 25 g/L, 30 g/L, methylene blue 0,5 mL/L, 1,0 mL/L, 1,5 mL/L, 2,0 mL/L, 2,5 mL/L, 3,0 mL/L, lukastop 0,01 mL/L, 0,013 mL/L. Drug testing was carried out in vitro with single and combined testing of each drug. In vivo testing was carried out with the best dose from the in vitro results tested on fish as a treatment for AHA bacterial infections. The observed in vitro parameters were the inhibition zone and total pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila, while the observed in vivo parameters were survival rate (SR), daily growth rate (LPH), and mortality rate (MR). In vitro tests showed that methylene blue 3 mL/L treatment had the best results on a single test. The inhibition zone was 18,25 mm, and the number of AHA bacteria in the sample was 5,197 × 109 CFU/mL. The treatment of 25 g/L fish salt and 3 mL/L methylene blue yielded the best in vitro test results, with an inhibition zone of 17,9 mm. The results of vivo therapy testing with 3 mL/L methylene blue produced an SR value of 80% and were able to aid in post-infection healing and increase fish appetite.



Keywords


aeromonas hydrophila; dosis; garam ikan; lukastop; methylene blue

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jmtr.v3i2.15151

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