PEMANFAATAN RUANG LAUT UNTUK EKOWISATA BERDASARKAN RULES IN-USE OSTROM DI KAWASAN KONSERVASI PULAU GILI MATRA

Muhandis Sidqi; Dietriech Geoffrey Bengen; Maret Priyanta; Eva Anggraini

doi:10.15578/marina.v11i2.16650

PEMANFAATAN RUANG LAUT UNTUK EKOWISATA BERDASARKAN RULES IN-USE OSTROM DI KAWASAN KONSERVASI PULAU GILI MATRA

Muhandis Sidqi, Dietriech Geoffrey Bengen, Maret Priyanta, Eva Anggraini

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kekurangan dan kelemahan substansi peraturan terkait pemanfaatan ruang laut dan pengelolaan Kawasan Konservasi Pulau (KKP) Gili Matra Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat dalam konteks kelembagaan pengelola KKP untuk mendukung pengembangan ekowisata berkelanjutan. Penelitian dilakukan di KKP Gili Matra pada bulan Agustus 2024 dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui pemanfaatan data primer dan sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara semi-terstruktur dan mendalam dengan aktor-aktor utama yang terlibat dalam pengelolaan dan pemanfaatan ruang laut, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui analisis substansi tiga peraturan utama: Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan No. 28 Tahun 2021 tentang Penyelenggaraan Penataan Ruang Laut, Keputusan menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan No. 34 Tahun 2022 tentang Penetapan KKP Gili Air, Gili Meno, dan Gili Trawangan, serta Keputusan Dirjen Pengelolaan Kelautan dan Ruang Laut No. 62 Tahun 2023 tentang Rencana Pengelolaan KKP Gili Matra Tahun 2023–2042. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan konsep rules-in-use dari Elinor Ostrom untuk menilai keselarasan antarperaturan dan efektivitas pengaturan kelembagaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan masih terdapat ketidaksinkronan antara substansi peraturan pemanfaatan ruang laut dan pengelolaan KKP Gili Matra, yang berdampak pada hambatan implementasi kegiatan ekowisata. Ketidaksinkronan tersebut disebabkan oleh lemahnya koordinasi dan penguatan kelembagaan antar-pemangku kepentingan, serta belum optimalnya integrasi antara regulasi dan kondisi sosial-ekologis masyarakat setempat.

TITLE: MARINE SPATIAL UTILIZATION FOR ECOTOURISM BASED ON OSTROM’S RULES-IN USE IN GILI MATRA CONSERVATION AREA

This study aims to analyze the weaknesses and deficiencies in the substance of regulations governing marine spatial utilization and the management of the Gili Matra Island Conservation Area (KKP Gili Matra) in West Nusa Tenggara Province, within the context of institutional arrangements supporting sustainable ecotourism development. The research was conducted in the Gili Matra Conservation Area in August 2024, using a qualitative approach that combined primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected through semi-structured and in-depth interviews with key stakeholders involved in marine spatial utilization and conservation management, while secondary data were obtained through document analysis of three main regulations: the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Regulation No. 28 of 2021 on Marine Spatial Planning Implementation, the Ministerial Decree No. 34 of 2022 on the Establishment of the Gili Air, Gili Meno, and Gili Trawangan Conservation Area, and the Directorate General of Marine Spatial and Ocean Management Decree No. 62 of 2023 on the Management Plan of the Gili Matra Conservation Area 2023–2042. The analysis applied Elinor Ostrom’s rules-in-use framework to assess the coherence and institutional effectiveness of these regulations. The findings reveal inconsistencies between the regulatory frameworks of marine spatial utilization and conservation management, resulting in implementation challenges for ecotourism activities. These inconsistencies stem from weak institutional coordination among decision-makers and insufficient integration of regulatory instruments with local socio-ecological dynamics.

Keywords

pemanfaatan ruang laut; kawasan konservasi perairan; kelembagaan; rules-in use Ostrom; ekowisata berkelanjutan

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/marina.v11i2.16650