STATUS PEMANFAATAN DAN UPAYA PENANGANAN HIU PAUS (Rhincodon typus) TERDAMPAR DI PERAIRAN INDONESIA
Abstract
Hiu paus merupakan salah satu jenis hiu berukuran terbesar yang ada di dunia dan sudah masuk dalam daftar merah (Red List) untuk spesies terancam IUCN yaitu berstatus terancam punah (endangered). Untuk menjaga agar sumber daya hiu paus tetap terjamin populasinya, maka perlu adanya upaya pengelolaan untuk mendukung pelestarian spesies ini. Dalam makalah ini dibahas tentang strategi pemanfaatan dan penanganan hiu paus yang terdampar di perairan Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei lapang dan wawancara yang dilakukan di Probolinggo dan Situbondo, Jawa Timur. Data dan informasi dihimpun dari penelusuran, dan penelahaan data dan informasi hasil penelitian serta laporan kegiatan yang terkait dengan hiu paus terdampar maupun keberadaannya di beberapa wilayah perairan di Indonesia. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat enam wilayah perairan kemunculan hiu paus di Indonesia, baik yang menetap maupun yang tinggal sementara yaitu di perairan Teluk Cendrawasih, Talisayan, Kaimana, Teluk Gorontalo, Probolinggo, dan Banggai Kepulauan. Jumlah hiu paus yang berada di perairan Indonesia dan tersebar di beberapa wilayah perairan diperkirakan mencapai 253 ekor. dan teramati terbanyak berada di perairan Teluk Cendrawasih sebanyak 131 ekor. Kemunculan hiu paus maupun yang terdampar hampir terjadi setiap tahun dalam kondisi hidup terkadang keadaan mati. Koordinasi antara instansi terkait dan masyarakat dalam menangani dan menyelamatkan hiu paus yang terdampar maupun terjerat jaring saat ini sudah berjalan dengan baik. Terdapat 7 tahapan tata cara penanganan hiu paus terdampar dan ada 4 tahapan dalam rangka menunjang ekowisata hiu paus.
Whale shark is one of the largest sharks in the world and on the red list IUCN for endangered species. To ensure that the population of whale sharks remains guaranteed, management efforts are needed to support the conservation of this species. The utilization and handling strategy of the whale sharks that stranded down in several Indonesian waters should be discussed seriously. Field survey method was applied and interview was done in Probolinggo and Situbondo, East Java. Data and information were collected and had been analyzed as well as activities reported that related to whale sharks stranded and their presence in several territorial waters Indonesia waters. The results of the study showed that there were six Indonesia waters area in which whale sharks appeared, both permanent and temporary, namely in Cendrawasih Bay, Talisayan, Kaimana, Gorontalo, Probolinggo, and Banggai Islands. The whale shark number that found in several Indonesian waters had been estimated about 253 individuals and the highest number was found 131 in Cendrawasih Bay. The appearances of whale shark and stranded in Indonesian waters has been almost every year and found in living or in such cases been in dead conditions that trapped in the shallow area. Coordination between related agencies and the community to carry out and rescuing whale sharks stranded or entangled in nets, has been in good progress. There were 7 stages of procedures for handling stranded whale sharks and 4 stages in order to support the ecotourism activities that related with appearances of whale sharks.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jkpi.12.1.2020.47-57
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