EFISIENSI PERIKANAN PANCING ULUR TUNA-SKALA KECIL DI GUGUS PULAU 7 MALUKU
Abstract
Tuna merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan sektor perikanan di Provinsi Maluku. Produksi tuna Maluku sebagian besar dikontribusi oleh nelayan tuna pancing ulur skala kecil yang tersebar pada beberapa wilayah di Maluku termasuk di Gugus Pulau 7 yang meliputi Pulau Ambon dan Pulau Lease sebagai fokus lokasi kajian. Salah satu masalah yang dihadapi nelayan tuna skala kecil yakni belum efisien dalam penggunaan variabel input seperti investasi, biaya total (biaya tetap dan biaya variabel) serta jam kerja untuk mendapatkan output baik produksi maupun pendapatan. Hasil analisis DEA dengan pendekatan model Variabel Return to Scale (VRS) terdapat 3 desa sebagai Decision Making Unit (DMU) menunjukkan score efisiensi teknis 100% yaitu di Desa Asilulu, Latuhalat dan Noloth sedangkan 2 desa yaitu Tial dan Laha dengan efisiensi dibawah 100%. Hasil yang sama juga dengan analisis DEA terhadap 75 usaha nelayan sebagai DMU diperoleh hasil unit usaha 1-15 (Desa Asilulu), 46-65 (Latuhalat) dan 66-75 (Noloth) score efisiensi 100%, sedangkan unit usaha 16-30 Desa Tial dan unit usaha 31-45 (Desa Laha) tingkat efisien dibawah 100%.
Tuna is one of the leading commodities in the fisheries sector in Maluku, most of which is contributed by small-scale handline tuna fishermen. These fishermen are scattered in several areas in Maluku, including the 7 Island Cluster (Ambon Island and Lease Island) as the focus of the study location. Some problems in fishermen of small-scale tuna fisheries are inefficient in using input variables such as investment, fixed costs, variable costs, and working hours to get production and income as output. The results of DEA analysis using Variable Return to Scale (VRS) model there are three villages as DMU show a technical efficiency score of 100% Asilulu, Latuhalat, and Noloth. While two villages of Tial and Laha with an efficiency level of below 100%. At the same time, a DEA analysis was carried out on 75 fishermen as DMU. The results show that fishermen business units 1 - 15 (Asilulu Village), 46-65 (Latulahat Village), and 66-75 (Noloth Village) were the most efficient compared to 16-30 fishermen business units (Tial Village) and 31-45 (Laha Village) which have an efficiency level of below 100%.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jkpi.13.1.2021.%25p
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