EVALUASI PEMANFAATAN PAKAN DENGAN SUMBER KARBOHIDRAT BERBEDA UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN BENIH IKAN PATIN JAMBAL (Pangasius djambal)
Abstract
Penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi pemanfaatan beberapa sumber karbohidrat sebagai upaya penghematan penggunaan protein pada benih ikan patin jambal. Benih ikan patin jambal dengan bobot awal rata-rata 4,95 gram ditebar dalam akuarium volume 100 liter dengan padat penebaran 50 ekor/akuarium. Akuarium dilengkapi dengan sistem resirkulasi dan water heater dengan debit air 4 liter/menit. Ikan uji diberi pakan selama 4 minggu. Sebagai pakan uji yaitu pakan tanpa penambahan sumber karbohidrat, dan dengan penambahan tepung jagung, tapioka, dedak padi, dan terigu sebagai sumber karbohidrat. Ransum harian diatur agar tiap pakan ikan uji dapat memasok 17 g protein/kg ikan/hari; 9,0 g lemak/kg ikan/hari dan 24 g pati/kg ikan /hari kecuali untuk pakan tanpa penambahan karbohidrat 15 g protein/kg ikan/hari, 7 g lemak/kg ikan/hari dan 8 g pati/kg ikan/hari. Pakan diberikan dalam bentuk remah, 3 kali per hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pakan tanpa sumber karbohidrat dan dengan sumber karbohidrat berbeda memberikan hasil yang berbeda nyata (P<0,05) untuk semua parameter yang diuji kecuali untuk nilai retensi protein. Nilai retensi protein untuk semua perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05). Nilai konversi pakan terbaik (0,8) diperoleh pada pakan tanpa penambahan karbohidrat dan selanjutnya diikuti oleh tepung jagung (1,1), tapioka (1,2), terigu (1,2), dan dedak padi (1,3). Retensi lemak terendah (28,3%) diperoleh untuk tepung jagung dan nilainya tidak berbeda nyata dengan dedak padi (30,6%) serta tertinggi (42%) untuk terigu. Bobot rata-rata pada akhir penelitian yang tertinggi diperoleh pada pakan dengan penambahan tepung jagung yaitu 15,7 g tetapi tidak berbeda dengan dedak padi (15,3 g). Demikian pula dengan nilai laju pertumbuhan spesifik tubuh diperoleh pada pakan dengan tepung jagung (4,1%). Nilai laju pertumbuhan spesifik protein yang terendah (4,7%) diperoleh pada pakan tanpa penambahan sumber karbohidrat, untuk tepung jagung (4,9%), dedak padi (5,2%) sedangkan untuk tapioka dan terigu sama nilainya yaitu 5%. Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh ternyata benih patin jambal dapat memanfaatkan karbohidrat dengan baik untuk mendukung pertumbuhan dan sintasannya.
ABSTRACT: Evaluation of feed utilization by different carbohydrate sources on the growth of Asian catfish (Pangasius djambal), By: Ningrum Suhenda, Zafril Imran Azwar, M. Sulhi, and Y.Moreau
Carbohydrates are least expensive nutrient of dietary energy both for human and domestic animals but their utilization by fish varies by species. The study was conducted to evaluate the utilization of some sources of carbohydrate in Pangasius djambal. Fifty fingerling average 4.95 g individual body weight were stocked in each of 15 aquaria filled with 100 liters of water. Water was recycled using a closed system and each aquaria was equipped with water heater. The fish were fed daily for four weeks with diets containing different carbohydrate sources such as corn meal, cassava meal, rice bran, and wheat flour. The daily nutrients allowance were the same for all diets. 7 g protein kg-1. day-1, 9.0 g fat kg-1.day-1, and 24 g NFE kg-1.day-1 except for non carbohydrate source diet the NFE allowance was 8 g kg-1.day-1. The feed was given in crumble form three times a day at 8.00; 12.00; and 16.00 hours. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) among treatments for all parameters except for protein retention. The protein retention were not significant different (P > 0.05) among treatments. Pangasius djambal fed with non carbohydrate source diet reach the best feed conversion ratio (0.8) and are followed by corn meal (1.1), cassava meal (1.2), wheat flour (1.2), and rice bran (1.3). The average final body weight for corn meal diet (15.7 g) and rice bran (15.3 g) and these values were higher than those for another diets. The lowest fat retention (28.3%) was found for corn meal diet and the highest (42%) was reach by wheat flour diet. Body specific growth rate for corn meal diet (4.1%) and for rice bran diet (4.0%). These values were higher than another diets. Based on the observed data, carbohydrates were well utilized by P. djambal fingerlings for their growth and survival rates.
ABSTRACT: Evaluation of feed utilization by different carbohydrate sources on the growth of Asian catfish (Pangasius djambal), By: Ningrum Suhenda, Zafril Imran Azwar, M. Sulhi, and Y.Moreau
Carbohydrates are least expensive nutrient of dietary energy both for human and domestic animals but their utilization by fish varies by species. The study was conducted to evaluate the utilization of some sources of carbohydrate in Pangasius djambal. Fifty fingerling average 4.95 g individual body weight were stocked in each of 15 aquaria filled with 100 liters of water. Water was recycled using a closed system and each aquaria was equipped with water heater. The fish were fed daily for four weeks with diets containing different carbohydrate sources such as corn meal, cassava meal, rice bran, and wheat flour. The daily nutrients allowance were the same for all diets. 7 g protein kg-1. day-1, 9.0 g fat kg-1.day-1, and 24 g NFE kg-1.day-1 except for non carbohydrate source diet the NFE allowance was 8 g kg-1.day-1. The feed was given in crumble form three times a day at 8.00; 12.00; and 16.00 hours. There were significant differences (P < 0.05) among treatments for all parameters except for protein retention. The protein retention were not significant different (P > 0.05) among treatments. Pangasius djambal fed with non carbohydrate source diet reach the best feed conversion ratio (0.8) and are followed by corn meal (1.1), cassava meal (1.2), wheat flour (1.2), and rice bran (1.3). The average final body weight for corn meal diet (15.7 g) and rice bran (15.3 g) and these values were higher than those for another diets. The lowest fat retention (28.3%) was found for corn meal diet and the highest (42%) was reach by wheat flour diet. Body specific growth rate for corn meal diet (4.1%) and for rice bran diet (4.0%). These values were higher than another diets. Based on the observed data, carbohydrates were well utilized by P. djambal fingerlings for their growth and survival rates.
Keywords
carbohydrate sources; growth; feed utilization; Asian catfish; P. djambal
Full Text:
PDFDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.1.2.2006.171-179
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