KINERJA PRODUKSI KEPITING BAKAU, Scylla tranquebarica PADA KETINGGIAN AIR DAN UKURAN WADAH BERBEDA

Abstract

Wadah pemeliharaan merupakan hal yang perlu diperhatikan dan salah satu kunci dalam pertumbuhan, perkembangan, dan produksi kepiting bakau. Salah satu permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam budidaya kepiting bakau adalah kurang tepatnya wadah budidaya yang digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan ukuran wadah dan ketinggian air yang tepat untuk budidaya kepiting bakau, Scylla tranquebarica dilihat dari laju pertumbuhan harian dan periode molting. Penelitian dilakukan di tambak masyarakat Desa Mulaeno Kecamatan Poleang Tengah Kabupaten Bombana Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Hewan Uji berupa kepiting bakau ukuran 57,89 ± 2,18 g ekor-1 sebanyak 54 ekor. Pemeliharaan dilakukan selama 60 hari pada wadah single room (1 ekor/wadah) pada ketinggian air berbeda 30, 50, dan 70 cm dengan ukuran wadah yang berbeda yakni 30 cm x 30 cm, 40 cm x 40 cm, dan 50 cm x 50 cm. Wadah pemeliharaan yang digunakan sebanyak 54 unit terbuat dari bambu yang berbentuk seperti kandang (kerangkeng) ditempatkan scara acak pada tambak. Pakan yang diberikan berupa ikan rucah sebanyak 5% dari bobot tubuh dan diberikan pada pagi dan sore hari. Terdapat sembilan perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak enam kali, yakni P33 (ketinggian air 30 cm, ukuran wadah 30 cm x 30 cm), P35 (ketinggian air 50 cm, ukuran wadah 30 cm x 30 cm), P37 (ketinggian air 70 cm, ukuran wadah 30 cm x 30 cm), P43 (ketinggian air 30 cm, ukuran wadah 40 cm x 40 cm), P45 (ketinggian air 50 cm, ukuran wadah 40 cm x 40 cm), P47 (ketinggian air 70 cm, ukuran wadah 40 cm x 40 cm), P53 (ketinggian air 30 cm, ukuran wadah 50 cm x 50 cm), P55 (ketinggian air 50 cm, ukuran wadah 50 cm x 50 cm), P57 (ketinggian air 70 cm, ukuran wadah 50 cm x 50 cm). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada interaksi antara ukuran wadah dan ketinggian air, serta tidak ada pengaruh nyata terhadap kinerja produksi kepiting bakau. Ukuran wadah 30 cm x 30 cm, ketinggian air 30 cm (P33) lebih efektif dan efisien digunakan pada budidaya kepiting bakau menggunakan sistem single room.

Specifications of cage farming plays important roles in the growth, suvival, and expected harvest of farmed mud crab. One of the constraints in mud crab farming is that the cages used are not suitable or preferred for the species. The research aimed to determine the proper cage size and water depth for mud crab culture using the growth rate and molting period as the observed parameters. This research was conducted in a pond located in Mulaeno Village, Bombana Regency Central Poleang, Southeast Sulawesi province. The experiment used 54 mud crabs sized between 50 – 70 g. Each crab was kept in a cage sized 30 cm x 30 cm, 40 cm x 40 cm or 50 cm x 50 cm with a stocking density of 1 ind./cage. The cages were positioned at different water levels (30 cm, 50 cm, and 70 cm). The cages were constructed from bamboo , rectangular in shape, and placed randomly in the pond. The feed (trash fish) was given twice daily (morning and afternoon) as much as 5% of the crab body weight. There were nine treatments and each treatment had six replications, i.e, T33 (water depth 30 cm, cage size 30 x 30 cm), T35 (water depth 50 cm, cage size 30 x 30 cm), T37 (water depth 70 cm, cage size 30 x 30 cm), T43 (water depth 30 cm , cage size 40 x 40 cm), T45 (water depth 50 cm, cage size 40 x 40 cm), T47 (water depth 70 cm, cage size 40 x 40 cm), T53 (water depth 30 cm, cage size 50 x 50 cm), T55 (water depth 50 cm, cage size 50 x 50 cm) , T57 (water depth 70 cm, cage size 50 x 50 cm). The results showed that there were no significant influence of the cage sizes and water depths on the production performance of the mud crab. The cage size 30 x 30 cm, and water depth 30 cm (T33) is more effective and efficient in mud crab farm using a single room system.