IDENTIFIKASI POTENSI WILAYAH DAN USAHA PERIKANAN DI KECAMATAN KAPETAKAN, KABUPATEN CIREBON

Abstract

Kabupaten Cirebon dikenal sebagai sentra perikanan wilayah Jawa Barat yang cukup penting dengan cakupan 40 kecamatan; salah satunya adalah Kecamatan Kapetakan. Potensi perikanan di kecamatan meliputi kegiatan perikanan budidaya, penangkatan dan pengolahan, dengan jumlah penduduk 61.479 jiwa yang berdiam pada sembilan desa seluas 5.979 Ha. Potensi yang ada, berpeluang untuk dikembangkan dalam bentuk usaha perikanan kedepan. Karenanya dilakukan penelitian dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh data informasi potensi perikanan di  Kecamatan Kapetekan Kabupaten Cirebon Provinsi Jawa Barat. Mengidentifikasi sistem produksi perikanan (perikanan tangkap, perikanan budidaya, dan pengolahan hasil perikanan), serta sistem bisnis dengan menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, serta menganalisis data menggunakan metode deskriptif dan statistik.Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan November sampai Desember 2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat potensi SDM nelayan 1443 RTP, petambak garam 205 RTP, pembudidaya ikan dan udang 697 RTP, serta pengolah ikan 30 RTP. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 21 RTP dalam 11 kelompok usaha.  Kelayakan usaha dari sistem usaha budidaya, penangkapan dan pengolahan ikan dilakukan dengan menghitung rasio biaya pendapatan (R/C), breakeven point (BEP), payback periode dan return on investment (ROI).  R/C ratio kegiatan budidaya 1,5; pengolaham ikan 3,22; penangkapan ikan 5,5 petambak garam 1,6. Hasil ini menunjukan kegiatan usaha layak untuk dilakukan dan dikembangkan.

Cirebon Regency is known as a fishery center for the West Java region which is quite important with a coverage of 40 sub-districts; one of them is Kapetakan District. The fishery potential in the sub-district includes aquaculture, raising and processing activities, with a population of 61,479 people living in nine villages covering an area of 5,979 ha. The existing potential has the opportunity to be developed in the form of a fishery business in the future. Therefore, a research was conducted with the aim of obtaining information on fishery potential in Kapetekan District, Cirebon Regency, West Java Province. Identify fishery production systems (capture fisheries, aquaculture, and fishery product processing), as well as business systems using observation, interviews, and documentation methods, and analyze data using descriptive and statistical methods. The study was conducted from November to December 2021. The results of the study shows that there are potential human resources for fishermen 1443 RTP, salt farmers 205 RTP, fish and shrimp cultivators 697 RTP, and fish processors 30 RTP. The sample used was 21 RTP in 11 business groups. The business feasibility of a fish farming, catching and processing business system is carried out by calculating the ratio of cost of income (R/C), breakeven point (BEP), payback period and return on investment (ROI). R/C ratio of cultivation activities 1.5; fish processing 3.22; fishing 5.5 salt farmers 1.6. These results indicate that business activities are feasible to be carried out and developed.