PERAN PRODUKTIF WANITA PESISIR DALAM MENUNJANG USAHA PERIKANAN DI KECAMATAN TEMPURAN, KABUPATEN KARAWANG

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Wanita pesisir di beberapa wilayah Indonesia telah terbukti memiliki peran produktif dalam menunjang kehidupan keluarganya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kecamatan Tempuran Kabupaten Karawang pada bulan Oktober sampai November 2017. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pekerjaan yang dilakukan wanita pesisir pada sektor perikanan, tingkat pendapatan, serta kontribusi pendapatan wanita pesisir terhadap pendapatan keluarga. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan responden wanita pesisir yang melakukan aktivitas dalam sektor perikanan. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner dari sampel secara terpilih, kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas umur wanita pesisir (31-50 tahun) masuk dalam kategori usia produktif. Sebanyak 75% dari wanita pesisir berpendidikan Sekolah Dasar. Aktivitas wanita pesisir mayoritas (71,9%) sebagai buruh pengolahan hasil perikanan baik produk ikan asin dan atau terasi. Sebanyak 25% wanita pesisir beraktivitas sebagai pedagang hasil perikanan (ikan segar, ikan asin, dan terasi); sejumlah 3,1% merupakan buruh pengolahan dan pedagang hasil perikanan. Tingkat pendapatan wanita pesisir berkisar antara Rp665.000.- s.d. Rp6.890.000,-. Kontribusi pendapatan wanita pesisir terhadap pendapatan keluarga berkisar antara 32,8% hingga 80,6% dengan rata-rata kontribusi 64,9%. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa peranan wanita sebagai pelaku ekonomi tidak bisa diabaikan, sehingga diperlukan penguatan kapasitasnya untuk menunjang peran wanita dalam melaksanakan kegiatan ekonomi produktif.

Title: Productive Role Of Coastal Women In Supporting Fishery Business In The Tempuran Sub Regency, Karawang Regency

ABSTRACT 

Coastal women in several regions of Indonesia has been shown to have a productive role in supporting the lives of their families. This research was conducted in Tempuran Sub Regency, Karawang Regency in October until November 2017. This study aims to identify the work undertaken by coastal women in the fisheries sector, income level, and the contribution of coastal women’s income to family income. Research method used a survey method with respondents who do activity in fishery sector. Data were collected using questionnaire from selected sample, then were analyzed by using quantitative descriptive method. Results showed that the majority of coastal women was age (31-50 years) included in the category of productive age. As many as 75% of coastal women are educated Elementary School. The activity of majority of coastal women (71,9%) as laborer of processing of fishery product both salted fish and or shrimp paste. As many as 25% of coastal women are active as fishery traders (fresh fish, salted fish and shrimp paste); 3,1% are processing laborers and traders of fishery products. This condition shows that the role of women as economic actors cannot be ignored, so that their capacity is needed to support women’s role in carrying out productive economic activities. Income level of coastal women ranges from  IDR 665,000 until IDR 6,890,000 rupiah. Contribution of coastal women’s income to family income ranges from 32.8% to 80.6% with an average contribution of 64.9%. This condition shows that women role as economic actors cannot be ignored, so that the capacity of coastal women needs to be strengthened to support women’s role in carrying out productive economic activities.