Perkawinan Resiprokal Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) untuk Mendapatkan Generasi Terbaik pada Seleksi Famili

Joko Sumarwan; Kasful Anwar; Fatia Fatimah

doi:10.15578/bjsj.v7i1.15561

Perkawinan Resiprokal Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) untuk Mendapatkan Generasi Terbaik pada Seleksi Famili

Joko Sumarwan, Kasful Anwar, Fatia Fatimah

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan 11 famili calon induk yang terbaik berdasar sintasan PL10. Tiga sumber Daya Genetik/SDG (Aa,Bb,Cc) yang masing-masing 120 pasang dikawinkan resiprokal. Sebagai kontrol dikawinkan SDG Kk yang terdiri 15 pasang. Perkawinan dilakukan di 8 bak @10 m². Pemijahan dilakukan di 40 bak @220 liter. Pakan induk berupa cacing laut dan tiram. Pemeliharaan larva dilakukan pada 50 bak @600 liter dengan kepadatan 100 ekor/liter. Pakan larva berupa fitoplankton, pakan buatan dan nauplius artemia. Pemijahan selama 3 hari menghasilkan induk matang gonad 72 ekor (7,6%/hari), induk kawin 34 ekor (47,2%), induk mijah 32 ekor (94,1%), rerata fekunditas 157.063±36.565 butir/induk, produksi naupli 106.414±41.399 ekor/induk dengan daya tetas 69,4±21,7%. Dari 32 pemijahan yang mampu menetas 29 famili, nauplius yang layak ditebar terdiri 27 famili dan menghasilkan 22 famili PL10 dengan rerata sintasan 60,2±20,3%. Dari 22 famili diambil 11 famili keturunan induk hasil seleksi dengan sintasan terbaik dan 1 famili kontrol yaitu Ca1;Cc1;Ca3;Aa2;Bc2;Cb2;Bb3;Cc4;Ab2;Ab3;Cc2 dan Kk2 dengan sintasan masing-masing famili 89%;86%;79%;77%;76%;75%;71%;70%;70%;68% dan 63%.

Keywords

pemuliaan, resiprokal, seleksi famili, vaname

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bjsj.v7i1.15561