Kesediaan Masayarakat Untuk Menerima Hilangnya Fungsi Keberadaan Ekosistem Pantai di Kabupaten Wakatobi

Abstract

Program proteksi pantai bertujuan untuk mencegah dampak kenaikan muka air laut, namun menimbulkan dampak terhadap fungsi keberadaan ekosistem pantai pasir putih. Masyarakat menilai bahwa program menutup akses kapal dan ketersediaan lahan di wilayah pantai menjadi berkurang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kesediaan masyarakat untuk menerima hilangnya fungsi keberadaan ekosistem pantai. Metode survey digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data dan informasi dalam pemecahan permasalah penelitian ini. Jumlah sampel yaitu 135 responden yaitu masyarakat yang berada di Desa Wapia-pia, Desa Waha, dan Desa Koroe Onowa Kecamatan Wangi-Wangi Kabupaten Wakatobi. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan model logit dengan pendekatan fungsi logistik kumulatif terhadap variabel respon yaitu koefisien jawaban masyarakat dan variabel penjelas yaitu bid yang ditawarkan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh distribusi jawaban “ya” lebih kecil dibanding jawaban “tidak” masyarakat terhadap bid yang ditawarkan. Nilai WTA masyarakat atas hilangnya fungsi keberadaan ekosistem pantai diperoleh sebesar Rp. 68.559,- individu per bulan dan nilai total WTA sebesar Rp.1.092.825.457,- km2 per tahun. Nilai keberadaan ekosistem pantai menggabarkan biaya dan manfaat yang terkompensasi agar dampak program proteksi pantai dapat diterima masyarakat. Studi kelayakan program proteksi pantai dalam Peraturan Pemerintah No. 06/2020 tentang Bangunan dan Instalasi di Laut dan Permen PUPR No.07/2015 tentang Pengaman Pantai harus memperhitungkan nilai yang sebenarnya dari barang dan jasa yang dihasilkan ekosistem pantai agar kebijakan publik mengarah pada prinsip berkelanjutan dengan memperhatikan aspek keadilan.

Title: The Willingness of the Community to Accept the Loss of the Ecological Function of the Coastal Ecosystem in Wakatobi Regency 

The coastal protection program aims to prevent the impacts of rising sea levels, but it has resulted in negative effects on the functionality of the white sandy beach ecosystem. The community perceives that the program reduces access for ships and the availability of land in the coastal area. This study aims to assess the community’s willingness to accept the loss of the beach ecosystem’s functionality. A survey method was used to collect data and information for addressing the research problem. The sample consisted of 135 respondents from Wapia-pia Village, Waha Village, and Koroe Onowa Village in Wangi-Wangi District, Wakatobi Regency. The data analysis used a logit model with a cumulative logistic function approach, where the response variable was the coefficient of community answers, and the explanatory variable was the bid offered. The study found that the distribution of “yes” answers was smaller than the “no” answers from the community regarding the bid offered. The community’s WTA for the loss of the beach ecosystem’s functionality was calculated at Rp. 68,559 per individual per month, with the total WTA value reaching Rp. 1,092,825,457 per km² per year. The value of the beach ecosystem reflects the costs and benefits that should be compensated to ensure that the impacts of the coastal protection program are acceptable to the community. The feasibility study of the coastal protection program, as outlined in Government Regulation No. 06/2020 on Buildings and Installations at Sea and Minister of PUPR Regulation No. 07/2015 on Coastal Protection, must take into account the true value of the goods and services provided by the coastal ecosystem so that public policies align with the principles of sustainability and fairness.