Model Percepatan Penertiban dan Pendayagunaan Tanah Terlantar di Wilayah Pesisir Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas kebijakan penertiban dan pendayagunaan tanah terlantar di wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara serta merumuskan model percepatan implementasi berbasis kolaborasi antarsektor. Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah masih rendahnya tingkat pemanfaatan ruang pesisir akibat lemahnya koordinasi lintas instansi, tumpang tindih kewenangan, dan minimnya kapasitas kelembagaan daerah. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan analisis kebijakan publik berdasarkan model implementasi Grindle (1980) untuk menelaah content of policy dan context of implementation. Analisis kuantitatif pendukung dilakukan melalui Location Quotient), Dynamic Location Quotient, Tipologi Klassen, dan Shift Share Analysis  guna mengukur potensi ekonomi sektor perikanan daerah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 40 persen lahan tambak di wilayah pesisir PPU dalam kondisi tidak aktif dan belum memiliki kejelasan pengelolaan. Hambatan utama implementasi kebijakan meliputi koordinasi vertikal yang lemah, ketidaksinkronan data spasial, serta keterbatasan mekanisme partisipasi masyarakat. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, dirumuskan Model Percepatan Penertiban dan Pendayagunaan Tanah Terlantar di Wilayah Pesisir mencakup lima pilar utama, yaitu koordinasi lintas sektor, percepatan administratif berbasis sistem digital spasial, pendayagunaan berkelanjutan, pemberdayaan masyarakat pesisir, serta pengawasan dan penegakan hukum. Sebagai rekomendasi kebijakan, pemanfaatan tanah terlantar di wilayah pesisir diarahkan untuk pengembangan kegiatan perikanan budidaya dan pengolahan hasil perikanan yang bernilai tambah tinggi. Hal ini didasarkan pada potensi ekonomi lokal dan kesesuaian ekologis lahan pesisir yang mendukung pengembangan ekonomi biru secara berkelanjutan. Model ini diharapkan dapat memperpendek durasi penataan wilayah dari 8–12 tahun menjadi 1,5 tahun, meningkatkan produktivitas lahan pesisir hingga minimal 40 persen, serta menurunkan konflik agraria pesisir sebesar 50 persen. Temuan ini memberikan kontribusi operasional bagi pemerintah daerah dalam mewujudkan tata kelola pesisir yang kolaboratif, produktif, dan berkeadilan menuju pembangunan ekonomi biru berkelanjutan.

Title: Accelerated Model for the Regularization and Utilization of Abandoned Land in the Coastal Areas of Penajam Paser Utara Regency 

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of policies concerning the regularization and utilization of abandoned land in the coastal areas of Penajam Paser Utara (PPU) Regency and to formulate an accelerated implementation model based on cross-sectoral collaboration. The research is motivated by the low utilization of coastal spaces, which stems from weak interagency coordination, overlapping authorities, and limited institutional capacity at the local level. A qualitative approach was employed using public policy analysis grounded in Grindle’s (1980) implementation model to examine both the content of policy and context of implementation. Complementary quantitative analyses including Location Quotient (LQ), Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), Klassen Typology, and Shift-Share Analysis (SSA) were conducted to assess the economic potential of the regional fisheries sector. The findings reveal that approximately 40 percent of aquaculture pond areas in PPU’s coastal zones are inactive and lack clear management arrangements. The main barriers to policy implementation include weak vertical coordination, unsynchronized spatial data, and limited mechanisms for community participation. Based on these findings, the Accelerated Model for the Regularization and Utilization of Abandoned Coastal Land was developed, encompassing five key pillars: cross-sectoral coordination, administrative acceleration through spatial digital systems, sustainable utilization, coastal community empowerment, and enhanced supervision and law enforcement. As a policy recommendation, the utilization of abandoned coastal lands should be directed toward the development of aquaculture and high value-added fishery processing activities. This approach is justified by the region’s strong local economic potential and the ecological suitability of coastal lands to support sustainable blue economy development. The model is expected to shorten the spatial planning process from 8–12 years to approximately 1.5 years, increase coastal land productivity by at least 40 percent, and reduce coastal agrarian conflicts by up to 50 percent. These findings provide an operational contribution for local governments in realizing collaborative, productive, and equitable coastal governance toward sustainable blue economy development.