STRATEGI KEBIJAKAN PENANGGULANGAN PENGGALIAN PASIR PANTAI DI PANTAI NASAI – KABUPATEN MERAUKE
Abstract
Penambangan pasir pantai menimbulkan eksternalitas. Bentuk eksternalitas yang terlihat adalah kerusakan jalan raya, penurunan produktivitas produk perikanan, dan kerusakan ekosistem hutan mangrovedi pesisir pantai. Pemerintah telah mengeluarkan himbauan pelarangan penggalian pasir pantai, namun ekstraksi penggalian pasir di pesisir pantai masih terus terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji strategi kebijakan penanggulangan penggalian pasir melalui analisis motivasi dan persepsi masyarakat terhadap usaha penggalian pasir pantai dengan pendekatan metodologi analisis Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat(SWOT)dan penentuan alternatif strategi dengan metode Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM). Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa motivasi masyarakat menjual pasir karena tuntutan ekonomi, tidak perlu bekerja keras, hasilnya stabil dan harga tidak pernah turun dibandingkan usaha pertanian. Adanya anggapan menjual pasir adalah pekerjaan sampingan. Jika tidak ada permintaan pasir, maka masyarakat akan berkebun, berburu, meramu dan mengambil ikan di laut. Banyaknya permintaan masyarakat terhadap pasir. Masyarakat paham dampak negatif penggalian pasir dan menjadi kekuatan dalam penanggulangan penggalian pasir. Kebijakan pemerintah tidak ditegakkan dan terjadi penelantaran diduga sebagai penyebab tetap dilakukan praktek penambangan pasir pantai. Urutan strategi kebijakan yang dapat disarankan untuk pemerintah berdasarkan analisis QSPM adalah: (1) penetapan harga pasir lokal dengan menginternalisasi biaya eksternalitas; (2) penegakan ijin usaha pertambangan dan (3) membentuk kelompok peduli lingkungan pesisir untuk mengembangkan perekonomian masyarakat lokal.
Title: Policy Strategy to Overcome Beach Sand Mining In The Nasai Beach – Merauke Regency
Beach sand mining caused externalities. Those type of externalities were shown by road damage, decreasing fisheries productivity, and destruction of mangrove forest ecosystems in coastal areas. Government has prohibited beach sand mining, however, extraction continues to occur. This study aims to analyze the policy strategy to overcome beach sand mining through motivation analysis and perception of community using the Strength Weakness Opportunity Threat (SWOT) and the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) analytical methods. Results of the study showed that people sell sand due to economic reason without having to work hard, its stable production and prices compared to agriculture activity. Selling sand is considered a temporary job. Whenever there is no demand for sand, the community will work for another job, i.e., hunting, fishing and other agricultural activities. Community is aware of negative impact of sand mining and it empower them to prevent sand mining. A weak enforcement of government policy was likely to be the reason of keep practicing beach sand mining. The policy strategy that we suggest for government to overcome the beach sand mining based on the QSPM analysis are: (1) determining the price of local sand by internalizing the externalities cost; (2) law enforcement of sand mining business permits, and; (3) establishing coastal environmental groups to develop other economic activities for local people.
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PDFDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jksekp.v8i1.6850
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Published by
Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Socio-Economic
in collaboration with
Indonesian Marine and Fisheries Socio-Economics Research Network
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