KELULUSHIDUPAN BENIH IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus) PADA PROSES TRANSPORTASI SISTEM TERTUTUP DENGAN PENAMBAHAN PERASAN DAUN UBI KAYU AKSESI BATIN (Manihotes culenta Crantz)

Abstract

Kebutuhan masyarakat terhadap ikan nila perlu didukung dengan ketersediaan benih secara berkelanjutan untuk kegiatan budidaya. Masalah yang sering dihadapi adalah terjadinya kematian benih ketika ditransportasikan akibat stres. Daun ubi kayu memiliki kandungan flavonoid dan saponin yang bermanfaat sebagai pencegah stres pada ikan selama proses pengangkutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan konsentrasi optimal penambahan perasan daun ubi kayu aksesi batin sebagai bahan anestesi alami pada transportasi sistem tertutup benih ikan nila. Konsentrasi daun ubi kayu aksesi batin yang diujikan adalah 0 g/L (P-0/kontrol); 6,25 g/L (P-1); 7,50 g/L (P-2); dan 8,75 g/L (P-3). Ikan ditransportasikan pada sistem tertutup selama delapan jam dengan suhu udara berkisar 28°C-30°C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan perasan daun ubi kayu aksesi batin pada masing-masing perlakuan menghasilkan kelulushidupan benih ikan nila sebesar 80% (P-0/kontrol), 100% (P-1), 98% (P-2), dan 38,88% (P-3); dengan kadar glukosa darah sebesar 245 mg/dL (P-0/kontrol); 102,33 mg/dL (P-1); 196,66 mg/dL (P-2); dan 307,66 mg/dL (P-3). Konsentrasi terbaik untuk aplikasi transportasi benih ikan nila adalah konsentrasi 6,25 g/L. Pada konsentrasi tersebut kondisi ikan tidak mengalami stres yang dominan dengan sedikit perubahan kadar glukosa darah yang relatif rendah dan mempertahankan kondisi kualitas air lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kontrol dan perlakuan lainnya.

Market demands for tilapia are steadily increased annually which require a sustainable and consistent availability of its seed supply. One of the issues in the supply chain of tilapia seed is the juvenile mortality during transportation caused by a prolonged stress. Cassava leaf contains flavonoid and saponin, which were suspected to be useful to prevent fish stress during the transportation process. This research aimed to determine the optimal concentration of cassava leaf extract of Batin accession as a natural anesthetic to nile tilapia transported in a closed system. The concentrations of cassava leaf extract of Batin accession used in this research were 0 g/L (P-0, control treatment), 6.25 g/L (P-1), 7.50 g/L (P-2), and 8.75 g/L (P-3). Tilapia seeds were transported within a closed transportation system for eight hours, with air temperatures ranging between 28°C-30°C. The results showed that the addition of cassava leaf extract of Batin accession in each treatment produced survival rates of tilapia seed of 80% (P-0/control), 100% (P-1), 98% (P-2), and 38.88% (P-3), with blood glucose levels of 245 mg/dL (P-0/control), 102.33 mg/dL (P-1), 196.66 mg/dL (P-2), and 307.66 mg/dL (P-3). The best concentration of cassava extract for tilapia seed transportation was achieved by treatment P-1. The concentration of cassava extract used in P-1 was successfully reduced the seed stress level indicated by a relatively slight change in the blood glucose level. The concentration was also proved to keep better conditions of the transport media compared to the control and other treatments.